Response of tomato plants to a step-change in root-zone salinity under two different transpiration regimes

Li, Ya Ling; Stanghellini, C.; Challa, H.

doi:10.1016/s0304-4238(01)00329-6

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, the long period of water deficit resulted in the elasticity loss of cell walls, thus led to the decreased yields. The salinity-induced yield reductions could result from decreased inflow of water into the fruits [58], and under saline water irrigation, the reduction in fruit yield corresponded to reductions in the fruit weight and number [59]. In this study, high salinity combined with low irrigation quota (S2W1) obtained the lowest tomato yield, which was in consistent with the early studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Soil Salt Distribution and Tomato Response to Saline Water Irrigation under Straw Mulching

Zhai

Yang

2016

PLoS ONE

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To investigate better saline water irrigation scheme for tomatoes that scheduling with the compromise among yield (Yt), quality, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and soil salt residual, an experiment with three irrigation quotas and three salinities of irrigation water was conducted under straw mulching in northern China. The irrigation quota levels were 280 mm (W1), 320 mm (W2) and 360 mm (W3), and the salinity levels were 1.0 dS/m (F), 3.0 dS/m (S1) and 5.0 dS/m (S2). Compared to freshwater, saline water irrigations decreased the maximum leaf area index (LAIm) of tomatoes, and the LAIm presented a decline tendency with higher salinity and lower irrigation quota. The best overall quality of tomato was obtained by S2W1, with the comprehensive quality index of 3.61. A higher salinity and lower irrigation quota resulted in a decrease of individual fruit weight and an increase of the blossom-end rot incidence, finally led to a reduction in the tomato Yt and marketable yield (Ym). After one growth season of tomato, the mass fraction of soil salt in plough layer under S2W1 treatment was the highest, and which presented a decline trend with an increasing irrigation quota. Moreover, compared to W1, soil salts had a tendency to move to the deeper soil layer when using W2 and W3 irrigation quota. According to the calculation results of projection pursuit model, S1W3 was the optimal treatment that possessed the best comprehensive benefit (tomato overall quality, Yt, Ym, IWUE and soil salt residual), and was recommended as the saline water irrigation scheme for tomatoes in northern China.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Soil Salt Distribution and Tomato Response to Saline Water Irrigation under Straw Mulching

Zhai

Yang

2016

PLoS ONE

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“…This was proven and has been reported extensively Li et al, , 2002Li et al, , 2004 and has been implicitly confirmed by Romero Aranda et al (2002). Central to the experiment was a "transpiration control", an algorithm that constantly maintained crop transpiration to 65% of the rate in an identical compartment, using the opening of the roof ventilators and fogging as sole actuators.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Steering of Fogging: Control of Humidity, Temperature or Transpiration?

Stanghellini¹,

Kempkes²

2008

Acta Hortic.

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Fogging systems are increasingly used to cool greenhouses and prevent water stress. More recently, fogging systems are applied also in relatively low radiation environments (such as The Netherlands), for a better control of product quality than whitewashing and to reduce need for natural ventilation -thus allowing for higher CO 2 concentrations to be maintained in the greenhouse. Most commonly the steering of such systems is done by setting an upper limit to the deficit of specific humidity that, whenever exceeded, triggers the fogging system. In both cases, however, one may wonder whether static and pre-fixed set points are the most effective choice.In the experiment presented in this paper, fogging and venting were controlled with the purpose of steering crop transpiration. The desired transpiration rate was the input of an algorithm that calculated on-line the required humidity and air temperature set points in view of the current weather factors. The set points were then the input of a standard P-controller that calculated vent opening and time of operation of the fogging system. In this paper, the resulting climate and actuator control operations are discussed and compared with a similar greenhouse controlled in a traditional fashion. The study concluded that a desired crop transpiration rate (an all-round indicator of crop well-being) could be used to select dynamic set points for the climate control in a greenhouse equipped with a fogging system. INTRODUCTIONThe management of humidity has two purposes: maintaining crop transpiration within boundaries and preventing condensation on the crop. With respect to transpiration: too low and too high rates may result in local Ca deficiencies; in addition, a high ratenot matched by water uptake -results in turgor loss, partial stomatal closure and loss of assimilation. Condensation is known to increase incidence of pathologies such as mildew and botrytis (Köhl et al., 2007). In a traditional greenhouse both aims are combined in setpoints for humidity (a maximum relative humidity or a minimum humidity deficit) whose crossing triggers procedures combining ventilation and heating, estimated to result in some 20% of the energy consumption of Dutch greenhouse (Bakker, 1991). There is little that can be done in a traditional greenhouse about too high transpiration, except shading or whitewashing, which obviously lower assimilation.Fogging systems are a very effective tool to prevent water stress. Most commonly the steering of such systems is done by setting an upper limit to a measure of the deficit of humidity that, whenever exceeded, triggers the fogging system. The underlying assumption is that the deficit of humidity is a good indicator of potential evaporation, and limiting the deficit is equivalent to limit crop transpiration. It is known, however, that the same deficit of humidity can results in quite different potential evaporations, depending on other climate factors, particularly solar radiation, so that one may wonder whether static, pre-fixed set poin...

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“…While air temperature and global radiation were increasing towards the final harvest, the VPD was higher during the later stages of the experiment. Intense irradiation, high temperatures, and high VPD in combination enhance transpiration and thus decrease the likelihood of FC incidence (Li et al, 2002). Leonardi et al (2000) showed that under high VPD (low relative humidity) fruit transpiration was increased but fruit growth reduced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blossom‐end rot and fruit cracking of tomato grown in net‐covered greenhouses in Central Thailand can partly be corrected by calcium and boron sprays

Liebisch

Max

Heine

et al. 2009

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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Two tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars King Kong 2 (KK2) and FMTT 260 (FMTT) were grown in a net-covered greenhouse in Central Thailand to investigate the influence of fruit applications of combined aqueous calcium (Ca) and boron (B) solutions amended or not with the tenside Glucopon on fruit yield and quality. Special attention was paid on blossom-end rot (BER) and fruit cracking (FC), two prevailing disorders in tomato and main causes for nonmarketability of tomato fruits under the conditions of protected cultivation in Central Thailand. While no effect of the additional Ca and B applications on total fruit yield was observed, the composition of the non-marketable fraction of fruit yield differed significantly between treatments and cultivars. Cultivar KK2 proved to be highly susceptible to both BER and FC and, therefore, produced less marketable fruits than cv. FMTT. The Ca and B sprays decreased the incidence of BER but increased FC at the same time. Addition of the tenside Glucopon to the Ca and B solutions did not yield any further advantage. The contrasting effect of the Ca and B sprays on BER and FC resulted in similar levels of non-marketable fruit yield in the treatments with or without the sprays for both cultivars. The nutrient status in different fruit segments was surveyed during fruit development. The Ca concentration in the distal end of the fruit during the time of rapid fruit growth was correlated with the BER incidence in mature fruits. Since additional Ca and B sprays are labor-intensive and did not significantly reduce the portion of non-marketable fruits, the selection of cultivars insusceptible to BER and FC appears to be of highest priority when conditions favoring these disorders are to be expected. This is particularly true for protected cultivation in Central Thailand.

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Response of tomato plants to a step-change in root-zone salinity under two different transpiration regimes

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Soil Salt Distribution and Tomato Response to Saline Water Irrigation under Straw Mulching

Soil Salt Distribution and Tomato Response to Saline Water Irrigation under Straw Mulching

Steering of Fogging: Control of Humidity, Temperature or Transpiration?

Blossom‐end rot and fruit cracking of tomato grown in net‐covered greenhouses in Central Thailand can partly be corrected by calcium and boron sprays

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