Response of the Human Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex System to Constant Angular Acceleration

Boumans, L.J.J.M.; Rodenburg, M.; Maas, Alexander

doi:10.1159/000275636

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…We used estimated properties of the vestibular system (yaw time constant of 15 s and adaptation time constant of 150 s) to determine the required rotation profile to produce a constant velocity signal of 100°/s. (The existence of the adaptation time constant has been determined from studies of long-lasting vestibular stimulation (Leigh et al 1981;Boumans et al 1983;Furman et al 1989). A plausible explanation of such a mechanism is to null small tonic imbalances between the left-and right-side canals.)…”

Section: Subjects and Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye position dependency of nystagmus during constant vestibular stimulation

et al. 2013

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Alexander's law, the eye position dependency of nystagmus due to peripheral vestibular lesions, has been hypothesized to occur due to adaptive changes in the brainstem velocity-to-position neural integrator in response to non-reciprocal vestibular stimulation. We investigated whether it develops during passive head rotations that produce constant nystagmus for >35 s. The yaw rotation stimulus consisted of a 1-s acceleration (100°/s(2)), followed by a lower acceleration ramp (starting at 7.3°/s(2) and increasing at 0.04°/s(2)/s) until 400°/s was reached after 38 s. This stimulus was designed to offset the ~15 s vestibular ocular reflex time constant (and the 150 s adaptation time constant) and produce constant velocity slow phases. In contrast to peripheral lesions, this vestibular stimulation is the result of real head turns and has the push-pull characteristics of natural movements. The procedure was successful, as the average velocity of 31°/s was unchanged over the final 35 s of the acceleration period. In all 10 healthy human subjects, we found a large and stable Alexander's law, with an average velocity-versus-position slope of -0.366 in the first half that was not significantly different in the second half, -0.347. These slopes correspond to integrator time constants of <3 s, are much less than normal time constants (~25 s), and are similar to those observed in patients with peripheral vestibular lesions. Alexander's law also developed, on average, in 10 s. We conclude that Alexander's law is not simply a consequence of non-reciprocal vestibular stimulation.

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Section: Subjects and Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye position dependency of nystagmus during constant vestibular stimulation

et al. 2013

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Central adaptation models of the vestibulo-ocular and optokinetic systems

1989

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A theoretical analysis of two models of the vestibulo-ocular and optokinetic systems was performed. Each model contains a filter element in the vestibular periphery to account for peripheral adaptation, and a filter element in the central vestibulo-optokinetic circuit to account for central adaptation. Both models account for 1 adaptation, i.e. a response decay to a constant angular acceleration input, in both peripheral vestibular afferent and vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) responses and 2 the reversal phases of optokinetic after-nystagmus (OKAN) and the VOR and 3 oscillatory behavior such as periodic alternating nystagmus. The two models differ regarding the order of their VOR transfer function. Also, they predict different OKAN patterns following a prolonged optokinetic stimulus. These models have behavioral implications and suggest future experiments.

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Characteristics of positional nystagmus in patients with horizontal canal canalolithiasis or cupulopathy

Wang

Yao

et al. 2019

J Neurol

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Response of the Human Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex System to Constant Angular Acceleration

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Eye position dependency of nystagmus during constant vestibular stimulation

Eye position dependency of nystagmus during constant vestibular stimulation

Central adaptation models of the vestibulo-ocular and optokinetic systems

Characteristics of positional nystagmus in patients with horizontal canal canalolithiasis or cupulopathy

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