Response of the Ha! Ha! River to the flood of July 1996 in the Saguenay region of Quebec: Large‐scale avulsion in a glaciated valley

Lapointe, Martine-Emmanuelle; Secretan, Yves; Driscoll, Steve; Bergeron, Normand; Leclerc, Michel

doi:10.1029/98wr01550

Cited by 83 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Ha! Lake breakout flood [Lapointe et al, 1998;Brooks and Lawrence, 1999;Capart et al, 2007b]. The breach originated when the lake level upstream of a concrete dam overtopped a small saddle dyke elsewhere along the lake perimeter.…”

Section: Further Comparisons With Measured Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ha! Lake breakout flood of 1996, which caused channel avulsion and extreme valley widening far downstream of the dam breach [Lapointe et al, 1998;Brooks and Lawrence, 1999;Capart et al, 2007b]. Few cases, however, feature such extreme geomorphic changes away from the dam breach itself, and the assumption that the downstream valley is rigid typically constitutes a good first approximation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analytical solutions for gradual dam breaching and downstream river flooding

Capart

2013

Water Resources Research

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[1] An analytical model is proposed to describe lake drainage and downstream flooding due to the gradual breaching of natural and manmade earthen dams. Erodible triangular dams are considered, undergoing gradual incision by a breaching channel of constant effective width. Adopting a simple stream power law for dam material transport, the long profile evolution of the breaching channel is governed by a diffusion equation with variable diffusion rate, proportional to the water discharge. The resulting flood is routed downstream using the kinematic wave equation. Moving boundary problems are obtained due to retrogression of the breach crest, and to the downstream propagation of the flood wavefront. For both the dam breaching and flood routing problems, explicit analytical solutions are derived. They depict a breaching process that is at first self-accelerating, then becomes self-limiting. Results include boundary paths, long profiles, and stage and discharge hydrographs. In particular, the breaching solution yields a discharge hydrograph of simple analytical shape that turns out to be ideally suited for kinematic wave routing. The model is applied to the well-documented breaching of the Tangjiashan landslide dam, Sichuan, in June 2008. Calculated results for this and other cases are in reasonably good agreement with the measured data. As the model is simple to apply, with minimal computational and data requirements, it could prove useful as a tool for rapid risk assessment. The proposed analytical approach also complements numerical models by providing more transparent links between solution outcomes and the problem data.

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Section: Further Comparisons With Measured Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical solutions for gradual dam breaching and downstream river flooding

Capart

2013

Water Resources Research

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“…The geomorphic effects of floods are a frequent subject of research in fluvial geomorphology, hydraulic engineering, flood protection and risk management (Gilvear, 1999;Plate, 2002;Yin and Li, 2001;Zielinski, 2003;Magilligan et al, 1998;Cenderelli and Wohl, 2003b;Lapointe et al, 1998;Zimmermann and Church, 2001). Flood hazards Correspondence to: G. Krapesch (gerald.krapesch@boku.ac.at) substantially affect the morphology of river systems in a very short time period (Hooke, 2008;Neuhold et al, 2009;Miller, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scale orientated analysis of river width changes due to extreme flood hazards

Krapesch

Hauer

Habersack

2011

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. This paper analyses the morphological effects of extreme floods (recurrence interval > 100 years) and examines which parameters best describe the width changes due to erosion based on 5 affected alpine gravel bed rivers in Austria. The research was based on vertical aerial photos of the rivers before and after extreme floods, hydrodynamic numerical models and cross sectional measurements supported by LiDAR data of the rivers. Average width ratios (width after/before the flood) were calculated and correlated with different hydraulic parameters (specific stream power, shear stress, flow area, specific discharge). Depending on the geomorphological boundary conditions of the different rivers, a mean width ratio between 1.12 (Lech River) and 3.45 (Trisanna River) was determined on the reach scale. The specific stream power (SSP) best predicted the mean width ratios of the rivers especially on the reach scale and sub reach scale. On the local scale more parameters have to be considered to define the "minimum morphological spatial demand of rivers", which is a crucial parameter for addressing and managing flood hazards and should be used in hazard zone plans and spatial planning.

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“…In 1996, a major flood caused by heavy rainfalls and the destruction of several dykes produced intense erosion and delivered more than 15 x 10 6 m 3 tons of sediments into the Baie des Ha!Ha! and the Northern Arm of the Fjord (Lapointe et al, 1998). The resulting bed was several decimeters thick at the head of the Fjord, but only a few centimeters thick in more distal areas and no related deposit was detected in the deepest part of the deep basin, where core MD99-2222 was retrieved Urgeles et al, 2002).…”

Section: Possible Rdl Trigger Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Propriétés magnétiques et sédimentologiques de séquences holocènes de l'estuaire du St-Laurent et du fjord du Saguenay, Canada /

St‐Onge¹

2004

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Response of the Ha! Ha! River to the flood of July 1996 in the Saguenay region of Quebec: Large‐scale avulsion in a glaciated valley

Cited by 83 publications

References 24 publications

Analytical solutions for gradual dam breaching and downstream river flooding

Analytical solutions for gradual dam breaching and downstream river flooding

Scale orientated analysis of river width changes due to extreme flood hazards

Propriétés magnétiques et sédimentologiques de séquences holocènes de l'estuaire du St-Laurent et du fjord du Saguenay, Canada /

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