RESPONSE OF SUMMER ANNUAL FLOWERING PLANTS TO CHEMICAL, ORGANIC AND BIO-FERTILIZATION TREATMENTS I- JOSEPH’S COAT (Amaranthus tricolor L.) PLANTS

Abstract

, during the two successive seasons of 2000 and 2001, with the aim of investigating the effect of chemical, organic and bio-fertilization treatments on the growth and chemical composition of Joseph's coat (Amaranthus tricolor L.) plants. The treatments included fertilization with PK (P at 6 g calcium superphosphate, and K at 3 g potassium sulphate / 25-cm clay pot), combined with: (1) N fertilization at the rates of 6 or 12 g ammonium sulphate /pot (N 1 and N 2 , respectively), (2) Bio-fertilization (Bio), (3) Bio. + half the previous N fertilization rates (½ N 1 or N 1), (4) Cattle manure (CM) at the rate of 710 cm 3 /pot (equivalent to 40 m 3 /feddan), or (5) Bio + CM at 355 cm 3 /pot (equivalent to 20 m 3 /feddan). Control plants received PK fertilization only. The bio-fertilizer was applied to the soil as a liquid inoculum containing Azospirillum brasilense, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas putida. Most of the fertilization treatments increased the different vegetative growth and flowering characteristics. Among the different treatments, combining Bio with CM (i.e. PK + Bio + ½ CM) was the most effective one, giving the highest values for plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, number of flower stalks/plant, fresh and dry weights of leaves and stems/plant, as well as the the highest contents of chlorophyll "a", total chlorophylls (a+b), carotenoids and anthocyanin in the leaves. Also, this treatment (PK + Bio + ½ CM) gave the highest content of total carbohydrates in the leaves, stems, flowers and roots (in most cases). On the other hand, PK+N 2 gave the highest numbers of branches /plant, and the longest flowering stalks, while the highest number of leaves was found on plants fertilized using PK + N 2 or PK + ½ CM + bio-fertilization. PK + N 1 + Bio gave the highest roots fresh weight in both seasons. Plants fertilized with PK + N 2 had the highest N content in the leaves (in both seasons), stems and flowers (in the first season), as well as the highest P content in the roots (in both seasons) and stems (in the second season). It was concluded that, for best vegetative growth and flowering of Amaranthus tricolor, L. the plants should be fertilized using the previously described mixture of PK, bio-fertilization and half of the full dose of organic (cattle) manure.

PARTIAL SUBSTITUTION OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZATION OF ROSELLE PLANT (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) BY ORGANIC FERTILIZATION IN PRESENCE OF ASCORBIC ACID

“…The aforementioned results of fertilization concerning vegetative growth are in parallel with those obtained by Kandeel (2004) on Ocimum basilicum, Niakan et al (2004) on Mentha piperita, El-Maadawy (2007) on Amaranthus tricolor, El-Maadawy and Moursy (2007) on jojoba, Gomaa and Youssef (2007a) On the other hand, the positive effects of ascorbic acid are in agreements with the findings of Deore and Bharud (1990) Table (3) reveal that the highest fruits number/ plant (68.60 and 77.72) was scored by F 4 treatment , followed by F 1 treatment (66.96 and 73.91), in the first and second seasons, respectively. Also, fruits number/ plant were greatly affected by spraying roselle plants with ascorbic acid treatments, particularly the high level as compared with unsprayed plants in the two seasons.…”

“…on Ocimum basilicum,Niakan et al (2004) on Mentha piperita,El-Maadawy (2007) on Amaranthus tricolor, El-Maadawy and Moursy (2007) on jojoba, Gomaa and Youssef (2007a) on fennel plant, Badran et al, (2007) on cumin plant, Gomaa and Youssef (2007b) on lovage plants, El-Shora (2009) on Mentha piperita, Abou El-Ghait et al (2012) on indian fennel plant, Gendy et al (2012) on roselle plants, Mohamed et al (2012) on Stevia rebaudiana, Amran (2013) on Pelargonium graveolens and El-Khyat (2013) on Rosmarinus officinalis.…”

Effect of Some Fertilization and Micro-Nutrients Treatments on Growth and Chemical Constituents of Echinacea purpurea plant

“…on Ocimum basilicum,Niakan et al (2004) on Mentha piperita,El-Maadawy (2007) on Amaranthus tricolor, El-Maadawy and Moursy (2007) on jojoba,Gomaa and Youssef (2007a) on fennel plant,Badran et al, (2007) on cumin plant,Gomaa and Youssef (2007b) on lovage plants, El-Shora (2009) on Mentha piperita, Abou El-Ghait et al (2012) on indian fennel plant, Gendy et al (2012) on roselle plants, Mohamed et al (2012) on Stevia rebaudiana, Amran (2013) on Pelargonium graveolens and El-Khyat (2013) on Rosmarinus officinalis. The aforementioned results of micro-nutrients are in conformity with those obtained by Hendawy (2000) on Echinacea purpurea, Gomaa (2008) on Hibiscus sabdariffa, Youssef (2009) on rosemary plant, Nasiri et al, (2010) on chamomile plant, Ajay et al, (2010) on Mentha arvensis L., Amuamuha et al (2012) on marigold plant., Shilpa and Dhumal (2012) on Cassia angustifolia, Saeid Zehtab et al, (2012) on Psyllium plant, Amran (2013) on Pelargonium graveolens and El-Khyat (2013) on Rosmarinus officinalis.…”