Response of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) to Mineral Nitrogen Fertilization and Bradyrhizobium japonicum Seed Inoculation

Abstract

A growing interest in soybean cultivation in Poland has been observed in the recent years, however it faces a lot of difficulties resulting from a poorly understood effectiveness of plant nitrogen fertilization and from the introduction of Bradyrhizobium japonicum to the environment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the consistency of response of two soybean cultivars to three different rates of mineral N fertilization and two seed inoculation treatments with B. japonicum in field conditions over four years regardless of previous B. japonicum presence in the soil. A highly-diversified-over-years rainfall and temperature in the growing season do not allow for a definite statement of the differences resulting from seed inoculation and mineral N fertilization applied separately or jointly in soybean. A high sensitivity of the nodulation process to rainfall deficits was noted, which resulted in a decreased amount of B. japonicum DNA measured in qPCR and dry matter of nodules. ‘Annushka’ demonstrated a higher yield of seeds and protein, higher plants and the 1st pod setting. ‘Aldana’, due to a significant decrease in plant density, produced a higher number of pods, seeds per pod and the 1000 seed weight per plant. Both cultivars responded with an increase in the seed yield after seed inoculation with HiStick, also with an application of 30 and 60 kg N, as well as with Nitragina with 60 kg N.

Symbiotic effectiveness of Bradyrhizobium strains on soybean growth and productivity in Northern Mozambique

“…Ksiezak and Bojarszczuk (2022) reported that plants with higher number of pods per plant and seeds per pod had lower seed weight compared to plants with fewer number of pods per plant and seeds per pod. In the present study and that of Savala et al (2022), soybean seed weight did not respond consistently to inoculation, whilst Prusinski et al (2020) found no significant effect of inoculation on seed weight, Although inoculants from different sources were used in the present study and that of Savala et al (2022), the data on yield responses corroborate, because some of the strains were the same, and perhaps due to the similar agro-climatic conditions and populations of native soil rhizobia. The highest response for grain yield occurred at Muriaze in both studies probably because of the low native rhizobia population at the site compared with the other sites, in addition to the favorable rainfall distribution during the trial period.…”

Influence of nitrogen fertilization, seed inoculation and the synergistic effect of these treatments on soybean yields under conditions in south-western Poland

“…Many factors affect the success of soybean cultivation expecially the genetic variability, weather conditions or any agrotechnical treatments like fertilization. Soybean seed yield is dependent on climatic conditions: air temperature, total precipitation and their distribution 34 , although water deficit is the most limiting factor 7 , 29 , 35 . In most regions of Europe, soybean requires about 500 mm of precipitation during the growing season, including at least 300 mm at the period of the flowering and pod setting stages 36 .…”

Influence of nitrogen fertilization, seed inoculation and the synergistic effect of these treatments on soybean yielding under conditions in south-western Poland

“…Many factors affect the success of soybean cultivation expecially the genetics variability, weather conditions or any agrotechnical treatments especially fertilization. Soybean seed yield is dependent on climatic conditions: air temperature, total precipitation and their distribution 32 , although water de cit is the most limiting factor 20,29,33 . In most part of Europe, soybean requires about 500 mm of precipitation during the growing season, including at least 300 mm during the owering and pod setting stages 34 .…”