Response of Some New Wheat Genotypes to Nitrogen Fertilization and Prospects of Yield Breeding Based on Yield Elements

Abstract

Fertilizing wheat with nitrogen plays an important role in obtaining high yield and quality. In Romania’s environmental conditions, data regarding nitrogen fertilization are reported in various studies at different N levels. The aim of this research was to study the effect of different nitrogen doses on yield and quality of several new mutant/recombinant lines of winter wheat. Field trials were carried out in south of Romania during 2015-2017 in a rape-wheat rotation. The design of the yield trial was as complete randomised blocks with four replications and included two factors: A – three variants of fertilization (N0, N50 and N100) and B – genotype (line). At harvest, the number of grains per spike, grain weight/spike, thousand grain weight, grain yield and hectolitre weight were analysed. In variants fertilized with N100 the highest values for all studied parameters (yield – 5104.55 kg/ha; grains weight/spike – 3.35 g; TGW – 48.31g; HW – 78.76; number of grains/spike – 58.35) were registered. These results confirm good efficiency of N application. Principal component analysis revealed that seven variants, which had both positive components were fertilized with N100 and were all ranked in firsts seven position in the yield classification.