Response of Phytoplankton Assemblages From Naturally Acidic Coastal Ecosystems to Elevated pCO2

Osma, Natalia; Latorre-Melín, Laura; Jacob, Bárbara; Contreras, Paulina Y.; Dassow, Peter von; Vargas, Cristian A.

doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00323

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Better fitness of phytoplankton observed in PU could also be due to the fact that here, compared to the other sites, phytoplankton were less stressed by the highlight conditions, also evidenced by the positive NCP values and the generally lower electron requirement for carbon fixation ( e,C ) during the day (Tables 1, 3 and Figures 5A-C). On the other hand, no significant effect on the biomass was observed, when pCO 2 was manipulated, but competition among species and its growth phase lead succession in phytoplankton species composition and abundance (Osma et al, 2020). Better diatom fitness in growth under lowered pH at the PU site may also be due to their adaptation to a larger carbonate chemistry variability related to carbon concentration mechanisms (CCMs) (Burkhardt et al, 2001;Reinfelder, 2011), which often occurs in estuarine environments (Duarte et al, 2013).…”

Section: Future Conditions Stimulate Growth and Photosynthetic Activity Especially In Estuarine Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Increased Nutrients and Lowered pH on Photosynthesis and Growth of Three Marine Phytoplankton Communities From the Coastal South West Atlantic (Patagonia, Argentina)

et al. 2021

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Effect of global change variables on the structure and photosynthesis of phytoplankton communities was evaluated in three different sites of the Patagonian coast of Argentina: enclosed bay (Puerto Madryn, PM), estuarine (Playa Unión, PU), and open waters (Isla Escondida, IE). We exposed samples to two contrasting scenarios: Present (nutrients at in situ levels) vs. Future (with lowered pH and higher nutrients inputs), and determined growth and photosynthetic responses after 2 days of acclimation. Under the Future condition phytoplankton growth was higher in the estuarine site compared to those in PM and IE. This effect was the most pronounced on large diatoms. While the increase of photosynthetic activity was not always observed in the Future scenario, the lower photosynthetic electron requirement for carbon fixation (Φe,C = ETR/PmB) in this scenario compared to the Present, suggests a more effective energy utilization. Long-term experiments were also conducted to assess the responses along a 4 days acclimation period in PU. Diatoms benefited from the Future conditions and had significantly higher growth rates than in the Present. In addition, Φe,C was lower after the acclimation period in the Future scenario, compared to the Present. Our results suggest that the availability, frequency and amount of nutrients play a key role when evaluating the effects of global change on natural phytoplankton communities. The observed changes in diatom growth under the Future scenario in PU and IE and photosynthesis may have implications in the local trophodynamics by bottom up control.

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Section: Future Conditions Stimulate Growth and Photosynthetic Activity Especially In Estuarine Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Increased Nutrients and Lowered pH on Photosynthesis and Growth of Three Marine Phytoplankton Communities From the Coastal South West Atlantic (Patagonia, Argentina)

et al. 2021

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“…Measuring the magnitudes of these ecosystem stressors and attributing their controlling factors are first steps toward managing and mitigating their impacts. Coastal acidification has several drivers (Duarte et al, 2013), including uptake of atmospheric CO 2 (Borges and Gypens, 2010), upwelling of historically acidified waters (Barton et al, 2012) or introductions of freshwater with differing alkalinity and pH than receiving marine waters (Osma et al, 2020). Acidification and hypoxia can also be driven by respiration of organic matter derived from primary production in situ or imported from land (Duarte and Prairie, 2005), thereby increasing dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) content in coastal waters and lowering pH and O 2 (Salisbury et al, 2008;Sunda and Cai, 2012;O'Boyle et al, 2013;Wallace et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attributing Controlling Factors of Acidification and Hypoxia in a Deep, Nutrient-Enriched Estuarine Embayment

et al. 2022

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Measuring and attributing controlling factors of acidification and hypoxia are essential for management of coastal ecosystems affected by those stressors. We address this using surveys in the Firth of Thames, a deep, seasonally stratified estuarine embayment adjoing the Hauraki Gulf in northern Aotearoa/New Zealand. The Firth’s catchment has undergone historic land-use intensification transforming it from native forest cover to dominance by pastoral use, increasing its riverine total nitrogen loading by ∼82% over natural levels and switching it’s predominate loading source from offshore to the catchment. We hypothesised that seasonal variation in net ecosystem metabolism [NEM: dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) uptake/release] will be a primary factor determining carbonate and oxic responses in the Firth, and that organic matter involved in the metabolism will originate primarily by fixation within the Firth system and be driven by catchment dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) loading. Seasonal ship-based and biophysical mooring surveys across the Hauraki Gulf and Firth showed depressed pH and O2 reaching pH ∼7.8 and O2 ∼4.8 mg L–1 in autumn in the inner Firth, matched by shoreward increasing nutrient loading, phytoplankton, organic matter, gross primary production (GPP) and apparent O2 utilization. A carbonate system deconvolution of the ship survey data, combined with other ship survey and mooring results, showed how CO2 partial pressure responded to seasonal shifts in temperature, NEM, phytoplankton sinking and mineralisation and water column stratification, that underlay the late-season expression of acidification and hypoxia. This aligned with seasonal shifts in net DIC fluxes determined in a coincident nutrient mass-balance analysis, showing near-neutral fluxes from spring to summer, but respiratory NEM from summer to autumn. Particulate C:N and ratios of organic C fixed by Firth GPP to that from river inputs (∼29- to 100-fold in summer and autumn) showed that the dominant source of organic matter fuelling heterotrophy in autumn was autochthonous GPP, driven by riverine DIN loading. The results signified the sensitivity of deep, long-residence time, seasonally stratifying estuaries to acidification and hypoxia, and are important for coastal resource management, including aquaculture developments and catchment runoff limit-setting for maintenance of ecosystem health.

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“…Nearshore, river discharges are partially mixed by coastal circulation (Pino et al, 1994), and temporarily modulated by tidal cycles. Such interaction promotes as a whole a marked alongshore gradient in the average and range of temperature (15 ± 2 • C), salinity (33 ± 1 psu), and pH T (7.93 ± 0.3) (Aguilera et al, 2013;Garcés-Vargas et al, 2020;Osma et al, 2020). The second habitat is the Antofagasta upwelling center (Antofagasta, 23.3 • S), situated off the most arid desert in the world, the Atacama Desert, which lacks seasonality (Tapia et al, 2014) and freshwater discharges (Hartley et al, 2005).…”

Section: Two Divergent Study Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The river influence on the coastal ocean is maximal during the rainy austral fall-winter, while an intense upwelling activity becomes more important on local hydrography during spring-summer seasons (Vargas et al, 2016). The physical-chemical gradients occurring along and across-shore in these habitats due to river and upwelling influence also experience high-frequency shifts associated with tidal cycles, yielding a temporarily predictable and spatially variable temperature, salinity, and pH mosaic over relatively small coastal areas (Aguilera et al, 2013;Vargas et al, 2016;Garcés-Vargas et al, 2020;Osma et al, 2020). More than 15 • latitude toward the north, the Permanent Upwelling province (18-30 • S) is located off the Atacama Desert, where nearshore habitat conditions vary in a less predictable way over the synoptic-temporal scale (García-Reyes et al, 2014;Aguilera et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in phenotypic plasticity in a cosmopolitan copepod species across latitudinal hydrographic gradients

Aguilera

Bednaršek²

2022

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Studies assessing latitudinal variations in habitat conditions and phenotypic plasticity among populations yield evidence of the mechanisms governing differentiation in the potential to adapt to current/future habitat changes. The cosmopolitan copepod species Acartia tonsa thrives across ocean clines delimiting Seasonal (30–40° S) and Permanent (10–30° S) Upwelling coastal provinces established during the middle–late Pliocene (3.6–1.8 Ma) alongshore the South East Pacific (SEP), nowadays exhibiting contrasting variability features related to several ocean drivers (temperature, salinity, pH, and food availability). Latitudinal variation across the range of environmental conditions of the coastal provinces can contribute toward shaping divergent A. tonsa’s phenotypes, for example, through specific patterns of phenotypic plasticity in morphological and physiological traits and tolerance to environmental drivers. With the aim of contributing to the understanding of these adaptive processes in a relatively little studied oceanic region, here we compared the expression of parental (i.e., adult size, egg production, and ingestion rate) and offspring (i.e., egg size) traits in relation to variation in environmental habitat conditions across different cohorts of two distant (> 15° latitude) A. tonsa populations inhabiting estuarine and upwelling habitats located in the Seasonal and Permanent Upwelling province, respectively. Mean conditions and ranges of variability in the habitat conditions and phenotypic plasticity of parental and offspring traits within and among cohorts of A. tonsa populations varied significantly across the different examined regions (i.e., Seasonal vs. Permanent). We also found significant differences in the coupling of habitat variability and trait expression, suggesting that the differences in trait expressions might be related to habitat variability. The phenotypic divergence was translated to cohort-related patterns of trait trade-offs regulating reproduction and tolerance of egg production efficiency that can jointly determine the level of plasticity, genetic structure, or local adaptation. The current findings provide novel evidence of how divergent phenotypes might sustain A. tonsa populations across variable coastal provinces of the SEP.

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Response of Phytoplankton Assemblages From Naturally Acidic Coastal Ecosystems to Elevated pCO2

Cited by 13 publications

References 84 publications

Impact of Increased Nutrients and Lowered pH on Photosynthesis and Growth of Three Marine Phytoplankton Communities From the Coastal South West Atlantic (Patagonia, Argentina)

Impact of Increased Nutrients and Lowered pH on Photosynthesis and Growth of Three Marine Phytoplankton Communities From the Coastal South West Atlantic (Patagonia, Argentina)

Attributing Controlling Factors of Acidification and Hypoxia in a Deep, Nutrient-Enriched Estuarine Embayment

Variations in phenotypic plasticity in a cosmopolitan copepod species across latitudinal hydrographic gradients

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