Response of Organic Fertilizers on Sorghum: Greengram Intercropping on Yield Attribute, Yield, and Economics at Varying Row Ratios under Rainfed Situations

Abstract

India is the largest producer of Pulses, however productivity is stills very low, and need of millet is also increasing day by day in this concern to utilize the filed efficiently to get higher millet yield as well as pulses per unit area. A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2017 at Soil Conservation and Water Management Farm of the Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur to find out effect of cropping systems of different row ratio and doses of farm yard manure (FYM) on, yield and economics of crops under rainfed condition. The treatments comprised of 4 cropping systems i.e. (i) sole sorghum, 45 cm apart (ii) sole greengram, 45 cm apart (iii) sorghum + greengram (2:1 row ratio ) (iv) sorghum + greengram (3:1 row ratio) and 3 doses of FYM i.e. (i) without FYM (ii) 10 t/ha (iii) 20 t/ha were tested in Factorial Randomized block design with 3 replications. Results obtained that the yield of sorghum and greengram were highest in their sole stands. The yield of sole and intercropped greengram in terms of sorghum equivalent grain yield showed significantly (p <0.05) variation, whereas sorghum + greengram (2:1 row ratio) brought out significantly (p <0.05) the highest production as compared to other cropping systems. Moreover, the land equivalent ratio, gross return and net return were also found to be the highest. Simultaneously Increasing rates of FYM brought out significant (p <0.05) improvement in vegetative growth, yield attributes and grain/stover yield, where a dose of 10 t FYM/ha gave best performance in respect of vegetative growth, yield attributes and grain/stover yield. In addition, net return was also noticed higher.