Response of Nitrogen Leaching to Nitrogen Deposition in Disturbed and Mature Forests of Southern China

Fang, Yunting; Yoh, Muneoki; Mo, Jiangming; Gundersen, Per; Zhou, Guoyi

doi:10.1016/s1002-0160(08)60090-9

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Short-term measurements of bulk precipitation in periods throughout the 1990's revealed atmospheric N deposition of 20-38 kg N ha −1 yr −1 in precipitation to this reserve (Huang et al, 1994;Zhou and Yan, 2001;Mo et al, 2002). We recently reported similar dissolved inorganic N (DIN) deposition in bulk precipitation in 2004 (Fang et al, 2008). Here we have continued these measurements but including also the analysis of dissolved organic N (DON) input in bulk and wet-only precipitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Soil solution at 40 cm depth obtained with ceramic suction cups were collected in 2004, but were terminated due to technical difficulties. The measurement revealed that annual volumeweighted DIN concentrations at 40 cm were slightly lower than at 20 cm soil depth in the pine forest (2.5 vs. 3.0 mg N L −1 ), and the difference was somewhat more pronounced in the old-growth forest (5.2 vs. 6.8 mg N L −1 ; Fang et al, 2008). In addition, since the plots are situated on steep slopes, one plot in both the pine and old-growth forests was delimited hydrologically by plastic and concrete barriers to sample and quantify surface runoff (overland flow).…”

Section: Sampling Protocolmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Each collector was connected to two 50 L sealed buckets (avoiding overflow) with black polypropylene tubes. The contribution from stemflow was negligible (<4% of througfall N; Fang et al, 2008).…”

Section: Sampling Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jan Apr Jul Oct Jan Apr Jul Oct its N fluxes (Fang et al, 2008). Monthly mean concentrations and fluxes were used to explore the relationships among precipitation, throughfall and soil solution for each forest type, using correlation analysis.…”

Section: Calculations and Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Input and output of dissolved organic and inorganic nitrogen in subtropical forests of South China under high air pollution

et al. 2008

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Abstract. The nitrogen (N) emissions to the atmosphere and N deposition to forest ecosystems are increasing rapidly in Southeast Asia, but little is known about the fates and effects of elevated N deposition in forest ecosystems in this warm and humid region. Here we report the concentrations and fluxes of dissolved inorganic (DIN) and organic N (DON) in precipitation, throughfall, surface runoff and soil solution for three subtropical forests in a region of South China under high air pollution over two years (2004 and 2005), to investigate how deposited N is processed, and to examine the importance of DON in the N budget. The precipitation DIN input was 32-34 kg N ha −1 yr −1 . An additional input of 18 kg N ha −1 yr −1 as DON was measured in 2005, which to our knowledge is the highest DON flux ever measured in precipitation. A canopy uptake of DIN was indicated in two young conifer dominated forests (72-85% of DIN input reached the floor in throughfall), whereas no uptake occurred in an old-growth broadleaf forest. The DON fluxes in throughfall were similar to that in precipitation in all forests. In the younger forests, DIN was further retained in the soil, with 41-63% of precipitation DIN leached below the 20-cm soil depth. Additionally, about half of the DON input was retained in these forests. The N retention in two young aggrading forests (21-28 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ) was in accordance with the estimates of N accumulation in biomass and litter accretion. In the old-growth forest, no N retention occurred, but rather a net loss of 8-16 kg N ha −1 yr −1 from the soil was estimated. In total up to 60 kg N ha −1 yr −1 was leached from the old-growth forest, indicating that this forest was completely N saturated and could not retain addiCorrespondence to: Y. T. Fang (fangyt@scbg.ac.cn) tional anthropogenic N inputs. We found that the majority of DIN deposition as well as of DIN leaching occurred in the rainy season (March to August) and that monthly DIN concentrations and fluxes in leaching were positively related to those in throughfall in all three forests, implying that part of the N leaching was hydrologically driven. Our results suggest that long-term high N deposition has caused elevated N leaching in all three forest types although most pronounced in the old-growth forest where wood increment was negligible or even negative. N availability even exceeded the biotic N demand in the young aggrading forests, with intensive rain in the growing season further enhancing N leaching in these forests.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Sampling Protocolmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Sampling Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calculations and Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Input and output of dissolved organic and inorganic nitrogen in subtropical forests of South China under high air pollution

et al. 2008

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“…This N loading may be further exacerbated by increases in N availability from climate influences (i.e., warming and elevated CO 2 ) on internal N cycling, which can increase decomposition, mineralization, and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) [10][11][12]. The consequences of N loading are well known and include changes in biodiversity [7,13,14], composition [15,16], productivity [17], leaching [18,19], and possibly nitrification [17]. Since N is strongly tied to C, understanding the impact of increased N availability in ecosystems in the context of climate change is crucial if we are to understand whether increased N availability will strengthen or weaken the land's C sink capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earth System Model Needs for Including the Interactive Representation of Nitrogen Deposition and Drought Effects on Forested Ecosystems

Drewniak

Gonzàlez-Meler

2017

Forests

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Abstract:One of the biggest uncertainties of climate change is determining the response of vegetation to many co-occurring stressors. In particular, many forests are experiencing increased nitrogen deposition and are expected to suffer in the future from increased drought frequency and intensity. Interactions between drought and nitrogen deposition are antagonistic and non-additive, which makes predictions of vegetation response dependent on multiple factors. The tools we use (Earth system models) to evaluate the impact of climate change on the carbon cycle are ill equipped to capture the physiological feedbacks and dynamic responses of ecosystems to these types of stressors. In this manuscript, we review the observed effects of nitrogen deposition and drought on vegetation as they relate to productivity, particularly focusing on carbon uptake and partitioning. We conclude there are several areas of model development that can improve the predicted carbon uptake under increasing nitrogen deposition and drought. This includes a more flexible framework for carbon and nitrogen partitioning, dynamic carbon allocation, better representation of root form and function, age and succession dynamics, competition, and plant modeling using trait-based approaches. These areas of model development have the potential to improve the forecasting ability and reduce the uncertainty of climate models.

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Spectrums of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Leaching Loss from Different Land‐Use Types

Wang

Wan

2018

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Understanding nitrogen and phosphorus leaching rates is critical for controlling non‐point source pollution. As of now, no studies have dealt with the spectrums of N or P leaching loss, a new concept is suggested in the present study, which can be used to assess the risks of N or P leaching loss. The spectrums of N or P leaching loss consist of the highest leaching loss (HLLr), mean leaching loss (MLLr), lowest leaching loss (LLLr), lowest leaching loss at an upper limit (LLLU), and lowest leaching at a lower limit (LLLL), and annual average of the lowest leaching loss (AALLL) and annual average of different‐level leaching loss (AADLL). These indices are tested with leaching experiments with distilled water, lysimeters, and PVC‐pipe method based on Darcy's law on seven land‐use types in the Dachong karst watershed in China. LLLL is similar among all land‐use types, except vegetable land. Four types of forests show few differences in LLLU and LLLL. HLLr, MLLr and LLLr, and AALLL and AADLL in the croplands are clearly greater than those in the forests. The HLLr of total nitrogen in vegetable land is highest (16.08 mg L−1) but the HLLr of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and total phosphorus in paddy field are highest (11.01, 1.39, and 0.3 mg L−1, respectively). LLLr, MLLr, and HLLr in the same type of land use are one to three times higher than LLLU in N leaching loss. The spectrums intuitively show differences in N and P leaching losses among land‐use types in the karst watershed in China.

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Response of Nitrogen Leaching to Nitrogen Deposition in Disturbed and Mature Forests of Southern China

Cited by 30 publications

References 37 publications

Input and output of dissolved organic and inorganic nitrogen in subtropical forests of South China under high air pollution

Input and output of dissolved organic and inorganic nitrogen in subtropical forests of South China under high air pollution

Earth System Model Needs for Including the Interactive Representation of Nitrogen Deposition and Drought Effects on Forested Ecosystems

Spectrums of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Leaching Loss from Different Land‐Use Types

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