Response of millet and sorghum to a varying water supply around the primary and nodal roots

Rostamza, Mina; Richards, R. A.; Watt, Michelle

doi:10.1093/aob/mct099

Cited by 63 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The distribution of plant roots directly affects SOC contents, due to a large number of decayed roots providing a rich source of carbon for soil [42], while the roots of rice and maize mainly concentrated in topsoil and hard to penetrate into the deeper layer (>30 cm) [43,44]. On the other side, returning litter is also an important carbon source of surface SOC and therefore topsoil contained more SOC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Enzyme Activities on Soil Quality of Saline-Alkali Agroecosystems in Western Jilin Province, China

Zhao

Tang

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a critical role in carbon cycling and soil quality of agroecosystems. Understanding the factors influencing SOC and the main indicators for soil quality can help in better soil management and sustainable agriculture. In this study, we selected three upland fields (U1, U2 and U3) and three paddy fields (P1, P2 and P3) of saline-alkali agroecosystems to study the impacts of soil physico-chemical properties (soil pH, exchangeable sodium percentage, electrical conductivity and bulk density) and enzyme activities (soil amylase, invertase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase) on SOC dynamics. The soil pH and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) had profoundly negative effect on SOC. Soil amylase and invertase activities were significantly positively correlated with SOC in both upland and paddy fields. Catalase promoted the accumulation of paddy SOC and polyphenol oxidase led to the acceleration of decomposition of upland SOC. Additionally, we combined SOC contents, soil physico-chemical properties and soil enzyme activities together to obtain the main indicators of soil quality. The results suggested that, in upland sites, the main factors affecting the soil quality were soil pH, ESP and SOC. As for paddy sites, the main indicators of soil quality were soil pH, amylase and invertase. By comparing the soil quality indicators between upland and paddy fields, it was observed that the inhibiting effect of ESP on paddy soil quality was not as significant as on upland soil quality due to the irrigation practice of rice planting, which could reduce the degree of soil alkalization. Therefore, paddy development has been widely used to improve the saline-alkali land in western Jilin Province of China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Enzyme Activities on Soil Quality of Saline-Alkali Agroecosystems in Western Jilin Province, China

Zhao

Tang

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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“…Coarse roots of herbaceous plants serve functions of anchorage and typically establish overall root system architecture, controlling ultimate rooting depth, and the ability of plants to grow into compacted soil layers (e.g., Henry et al, 2011). In addition to coarse seminal roots, nodal roots (or brace roots in maize, Zea mays ) developing from lower portions of the stem provide additional opportunities for plant foraging of late-season precipitation with different responses to soil water than the primary root system (Rostamza et al, 2013). Finally, fine (or lateral) roots are the most active portion of the root system in water uptake, and comprise the majority of the length and surface area of these root systems in herbaceous and woody plants alike (Bauhus and Messier, 1999; Rewald et al, 2011).…”

Section: Root Systems Traits and Functioning In Water Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Root traits contributing to plant productivity under drought

Comas¹,

Becker²,

Cruz³

et al. 2013

Front. Plant Sci.

1,093

819

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Geneticists and breeders are positioned to breed plants with root traits that improve productivity under drought. However, a better understanding of root functional traits and how traits are related to whole plant strategies to increase crop productivity under different drought conditions is needed. Root traits associated with maintaining plant productivity under drought include small fine root diameters, long specific root length, and considerable root length density, especially at depths in soil with available water. In environments with late season water deficits, small xylem diameters in targeted seminal roots save soil water deep in the soil profile for use during crop maturation and result in improved yields. Capacity for deep root growth and large xylem diameters in deep roots may also improve root acquisition of water when ample water at depth is available. Xylem pit anatomy that makes xylem less “leaky” and prone to cavitation warrants further exploration holding promise that such traits may improve plant productivity in water-limited environments without negatively impacting yield under adequate water conditions. Rapid resumption of root growth following soil rewetting may improve plant productivity under episodic drought. Genetic control of many of these traits through breeding appears feasible. Several recent reviews have covered methods for screening root traits but an appreciation for the complexity of root systems (e.g., functional differences between fine and coarse roots) needs to be paired with these methods to successfully identify relevant traits for crop improvement. Screening of root traits at early stages in plant development can proxy traits at mature stages but verification is needed on a case by case basis that traits are linked to increased crop productivity under drought. Examples in lesquerella (Physaria) and rice (Oryza) show approaches to phenotyping of root traits and current understanding of root trait genetics for breeding.

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“…However, most studies of plant responses to water stress have been performed using the whole root system (Serraj et al 2013); few studies have considered SRs under such conditions (Sahnoune et al 2004). In addition, many studies have focused on the negative effects of a water deficit on root growth (Rostamza et al 2013). Information on the effects of water stress and re-watering conditions on the morphologies of SRs and NRs of wheat, and the relationship with shoot growth, is unavailable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-deficit treatment followed by re-watering stimulates seminal root growth associated with hormone balance and photosynthesis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings

et al. 2015

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Elucidating the growth responses of roots to water status will reveal physiological mechanisms underlying drought tolerance and water conservation in plants. Hydroponic experiments were conducted using two winter wheat cultivars, Wangshuibai (drought-sensitive) and Luohan 7 (drought-tolerant), and a water deficit was induced using a 20 % (m/v) aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol 6000 (-0.6 MPa). The lack of water significantly reduced the plant dry weight, leaf area, total root length (TRL) and surface area in seminal (SRs) and nodal roots (NRs), but the effects were less pronounced in Luohan 7 than in Wangshuibai. After re-watering, leaf area, TRL and surface area of Luohan 7 increased significantly, as compared to the controls, due to rapid compensatory growth of SRs, while those of Wangshuibai were still significantly reduced. Under water-deficit conditions, the concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinin (CTK) and their ratio (IAA/CTK) in SRs and NRs of both cultivars were significantly lower than those of controls, but increased after re-watering. However, Luohan 7 showed significantly increases in IAA/CTK of SRs as compared to the control. Net photosynthetic rate was much lower during water deficit in both cultivars, but it was enhanced significantly after re-watering, especially for Luohan 7. Moreover, sucrose content was significantly increased in leaves while reduced in roots under water-deficit conditions. After re-watering, sucrose content in leaves of both cultivars and in roots of Wangshuibai was severely reduced, while the values in roots of Luohan 7 were significantly increased as compared to the control. These results indicate that the drought-tolerant cultivar has a greater ability to maintain plant growth under water deficit and greater compensatory growth in SRs associated with higher IAA/CTK and photosynthetic products supply after re-watering.

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Response of millet and sorghum to a varying water supply around the primary and nodal roots

Cited by 63 publications

References 21 publications

The Influence of Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Enzyme Activities on Soil Quality of Saline-Alkali Agroecosystems in Western Jilin Province, China

The Influence of Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Enzyme Activities on Soil Quality of Saline-Alkali Agroecosystems in Western Jilin Province, China

Root traits contributing to plant productivity under drought

Water-deficit treatment followed by re-watering stimulates seminal root growth associated with hormone balance and photosynthesis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings

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