Response of local rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars to recommended NPK fertilizer dose under upland rainfed conditions

Abstract

The present investigation was conducted to study the growth and yield response of local rice cultivars to application of recommended dose of NPK fertilizers under upland rainfed conditions. It was found that the application of recommended NPK fertilizer dose (60:30:30 kg/ha) resulted in significantly superior expression of rice growth and yield attributes by the different cultivars recording increased grain yields up to 36.51 q/ha and straw yields of 60.96 q/ha. Among the 8 local rice cultivars tested signification variations in plant growth, yield and yield attributes were observed. The cultivar 'Muntse' was found to be the most adaptable rice variety recording the highest grain yield of 42.94 q/ha followed by 'Temeseng', 'Leikhumo' and 'Chongloi Mann'. Application of recommended fertilizer dose (60:30:30 kg/ha) to the cultivar 'Mumtse' was found to record the highest gross return/ha (Rs.51,342), net return/ha (Rs. 30,169) as well as BCR (1.42) compared to the rest of the treatments tested.

Response of the Newly Released Shaga Rice Variety to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates in Vertisols of Fogera and Achefer Plain, North Western Ethiopia

“…In line with the present results, among the yield attributes, the number of productive tillers is an important agronomic trait, which finally determines the number of fertile panicles and grain yield per unit land area [17]. Application of NP fertilizers at optimum rates might result in superior growth and development that eventually reflected with significantly superior yield attributes [25,38]. Inferior crop growth in the controls without NP applications might closely be associated with insufficient availability of NP below their optimal requirements [38].…”

“…This is in agreement with [29] who stated better straw yield could be explained as higher capability of rice to utilize more N through the expression of better growth by accumulating more plant dry biomass. The better grain and straw yields at the higher rates of N and P nutrients may be attributed to the fact that application of fertilizer may have resulted in optimum levels of nutrients for crop uptake and translocation to sink thereby expressing superior crop growth and development [38]. In support of the present finding, [25] stated that the grain and straw yields of rice increased up to application of 150:75 N-P 2 O 5 kg ha -1 .…”

“…[39] recorded highest panicle length with 180 kg N application while [10] stated nitrogen application of 210 kg ha -1 exhibited larger panicle length. Riste, K. et al [38] stated that highest and significant panicle length (27.06 cm) was recorded with application of fertilizer dose at 60 kg N ha -1 compared to the control without N fertilizer. On the other hand, [33] reported longest panicles of 20.19 cm at the rate of 46 kg N ha -1 , while they noted shortest panicles in the control plots.…”

“…Application of NP fertilizers at optimum rates might result in superior growth and development that eventually reflected with significantly superior yield attributes [25,38]. Inferior crop growth in the controls without NP applications might closely be associated with insufficient availability of NP below their optimal requirements [38].…”