“…Solid biomass-based biocoke fuel has high carbon content, so it appears as a promising candidate and has the potential to replace traditional fossil fuels while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The availability of solid biomass waste that can be converted into energy is relatively abundant, as reported in previous publications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Policies related to the use of renewable energy implemented by the government are the proper steps to advance the development and development of renewable energy nationally [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”
Bio-coke, derived from renewable biomass sources has gained significant interest as a sustainable alternative to conventional fossil fuels. Understanding the influence of pressure and heating on bio-coke properties and combustion characteristics is crucial for optimizing its production and utilization. This study investigates the impact of pressure and heating on the biocoke fuel obtained from empty fruit bunches of biomass waste. Biomass waste, a byproduct of the palm oil industry, offers a potential feedstock for biocoke production, thus addressing waste management and promoting circular economy principles. The experimental approach involved subjecting biomass waste to different pressure levels and heating conditions during biocoke production. The results show that applying pressure during the biocoke production can reduce the water content significantly. The carbon content recorded in biocoke reached 45.87% compared to 43.70% in raw EFB. The proximate and ultimate analysis results show that biocoke fuel shows better results. Thus, biocoke produced using EFB biomass waste is very suitable as an alternative energy to reduce dependence on fossil energy.
“…Solid biomass-based biocoke fuel has high carbon content, so it appears as a promising candidate and has the potential to replace traditional fossil fuels while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The availability of solid biomass waste that can be converted into energy is relatively abundant, as reported in previous publications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Policies related to the use of renewable energy implemented by the government are the proper steps to advance the development and development of renewable energy nationally [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”
Bio-coke, derived from renewable biomass sources has gained significant interest as a sustainable alternative to conventional fossil fuels. Understanding the influence of pressure and heating on bio-coke properties and combustion characteristics is crucial for optimizing its production and utilization. This study investigates the impact of pressure and heating on the biocoke fuel obtained from empty fruit bunches of biomass waste. Biomass waste, a byproduct of the palm oil industry, offers a potential feedstock for biocoke production, thus addressing waste management and promoting circular economy principles. The experimental approach involved subjecting biomass waste to different pressure levels and heating conditions during biocoke production. The results show that applying pressure during the biocoke production can reduce the water content significantly. The carbon content recorded in biocoke reached 45.87% compared to 43.70% in raw EFB. The proximate and ultimate analysis results show that biocoke fuel shows better results. Thus, biocoke produced using EFB biomass waste is very suitable as an alternative energy to reduce dependence on fossil energy.
“…Cleaner energy generation and utilization solely depend on renewable machinery, including power stories batteries, solar photovoltaics (PV), electric vehicles (EV), wind turbines, etc., needing critical minerals as raw materials [6] as is known that for the manufacture of batteries three primary raw materials are required, namely nickel, lithium and cobalt. The mineral resources of Indonesia, along with those of many other developing nations, have attracted the attention of trading partners who meet their material needs for the production and processing of renewable energy technologies [7]. As one of the largest producers of nickel in the world, Indonesia has benefited from an increase in investment in nickel mining and export promotions of this commodity [8].…”
This research aims to analyze nickel sales forecasting using time series forecasting with the help of Microsoft Excel and then compare the pattern between Nickel Mining Companies listed on IDX (Indonesia Stock Exchange). This research uses a quantitative descriptive study with a forecasting method. The data used is secondary data, which is sales data contained in the financial statements of nickel mining companies listed on the IDX (Indonesia Stock Exchange) from 2015-2023. There are a total of 43 data. The results of this study show that the highest sales forecast from PT Aneka Tambang Tbk's nickel sales is in quarter 4 of 2024 of IDR 16,4 trillion, and the lowest forecast is in quarter 1 of 2024 of IDR 3,4 trillion. On the other hand, the highest nickel sales forecast from PT Vale Indonesia Tbk is in the 4th quarter of 2024 of IDR 19,3 trillion, and the lowest forecast is in the 1st quarter of 2024 of IDR 4,3 trillion. The patterns formed on the forecasting plot graphs of the two companies tend to be the same. The sales trend and forecasting trend are also the same, there is an increase and show good business prospects and nickel sales.
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