Response of Human and Rat Small Intestinal Mucosa to Oral Administration of Saccharomyces boulardii

Abstract

ABSTRACT. To evaluate the response of the small intesAbbreviations tinal mucosa to Saccharomyces boulardii (S.b.), a yeast widely used in some countries as an adjuvant drug with S-b., Saccharomyces boulardii oral antimicrobial therapy, seven healthy adult volunteers BBM, brush border membrane were treated with high dbses of lyophilized S.b. (250 mg four times per day) for 2 wk. A peroral jejunal suction biopsy was performed on days 0 and 1 5 of the study. Compared to the initial biopsy, histological examination of the posttrial biopsy revealed no morphological alteration nor change in villus height or crypt depth. After treatment, the specific activity (per U protein) of sucrase, lactase, and maltase was, respectively, increased by 82% ( p < 0.05) 77% (p < 0.05), and 75% ( p < 0.05) over the basal activity of the enzymes measured on day 0, whereas mucosal protein content remained unchanged. Similar findings were found in the jejunum of adult rats treated for 5 days with either viable or killed S.b. cells. The changes in total enzyme activity (per jejunal segment) paralleled the changes in specific enzyme activity. I n vitro assays on freshly prepared suspensions of S.b. (6.0 x 10' viable cells/ ml) evidenced a high activity for sucrase (mean 2 SE: 8 364 + 1280 U . g . protein-') but no maltase, neutral lactase, acid P-galactosidase, or aminopeptidase activity. To determine whether treatment with S.b. could influence the incorporation rate of neutral lactase into the brush border membrane, 14-day-old sucklings treated either with saline or with S.b. were given intraperitoneally a dose of 20 pCi D-[ll'C] glucosamine 3 hours before sacrifice. Neutral lactase was isolated on SDS-PAGE of purified BBM. The amount of lactase protein eluted from the gel slices was similar in treated rats (mean + SE: 0.026 + 0.003) and in controls (0.021 -C 0.005 mg protein/ml). Expressed per millieram of brush border membrane lactase protein, there was no significant difference in the incorporation rate of labelled glucosamine between treated rats (mean 2 SE: 8 167 + 1 622 dpm.mg protein-') and controls (9 602 + 1 803 dpm.mg protein-'). In conclusion, short-term oral treatment of human volunteers and rats with S.b. is associated with a marked increase in the activity of disaccharidases without morphological alteration of the intestinal mucosa. Our findings do not suggest an effect of S.b. on the incorporation rate of enzymes into the brush border membrane. (Pediatr Res

Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Mesalazine and/or Saccharomyces Boulardii

“…During the intestinal transit, S. boulardii interacts with resident microflora and intestinal mucosa. Moreover, experimental studies suggest that S. boulardii is protective against enteric pathogens, modulating the host immune response, decreasing inflammation and hydro electrolytic secretions, inhibiting bacterial toxin and enhancing trophic factors such as brush border membrane enzymes and nutrient transporters (7,8,10,14,37,53,40,44,47) .…”

Effects ofSaccharomyces boulardiion antibiotic induced orocecal transit in rats

“…The former possibility has not yet been studied until now, while the latter has been investigated in several animal and human studies in the past (Buts et al, 1986;1990;1994).…”

“…S. boulardii exerts trophic effects both in the mucosa and the endoluminal fluid of the small intestine that are likely mediated by the endoluminal release of polyamines. The increased release of polyamines, namely spermine and spermidine, stimulate the disaccharidases in the enterocytes and have positive impact on the humoral immune defence by secreting the IgA and the polymeric immunoglobulin receptors into the lumen of the small intestine (Buts et al, 1986;1990;1994). Thus, the attachment of the microorganisms and external antigens to intestinal epithelial cells is impaired and pathogenic proliferation in gut lumen is prevented.…”

Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii – Probiotic Yeast

“…It has been shown that oral administration of probiotic strain of Sb enhanced the activities of the brush border ectomembrane enzymes (ex. sucrase, maltase, trehalase, lactase, aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase), carriers (sodium glucose cotransporter-1) receptors of immunoglobulins (the secretory component) or secretory immunoglobulin A [44][45][46][47][48]. Sb cells contain substantial amounts of polyamines (spermidine and spermine) which are known to affect cell maturation, enzyme expression and membrane transport, thus polyamines were suggested as mediators in the intestinal trophic response [45].…”