Response of gametophytes of Ecklonia radiata (Laminariales) to temperature in saturating light

Novaczek, Irené

doi:10.1007/bf00392405

“…In Laminariales and Desmarestiales, free-living gametophytes are still present; however, they are morphologically inconspicuous, generally consisting of microscopic filaments and they are important mainly in sexual reproduction. It has been suggested that the dissimilar reproductive phase expression in large kelps may be primarily associated with a differential response to wave action (Neushul 1972), herbivory (Slocum 1980;Lubchenco and Cubit 1980;Dethier 1981) or physical factors such as temperature and light (Kain 1964;Lü ning and Neushul 1978;Lü ning 1980b;Fain and Murray 1982;Novaczek 1984;tom Dieck 1993). Early developmental stages of seaweeds (zoospores, gametophytes and small sporophytes) are shade-adapted organisms unlike the adult sporophytes (Kain 1964;Amsler and Neushul 1991;Gó mez and Wiencke 1996a;Dring et al 1996).…”

Section: Seasonality Of Reproduction and The Physiological Characterimentioning

confidence: 99%

Life strategy, ecophysiology and ecology of seaweeds in polar waters

Wiencke

¹

,

Clayton

²

,

Gómez

³

et al. 2006

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

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Polar seaweeds are strongly adapted to the low temperatures of their environment, Antarctic species more strongly than Arctic species due to the longer cold water history of the Antarctic region. By reason of the strong isolation of the Southern Ocean the Antarctic marine flora is characterized by a high degree of endemism, whereas in the Arctic only few endemic species have been found so far. All polar species are strongly shade adapted and their phenology is finely tuned to the strong seasonal changes of the light conditions. The paper summarises the present knowledge of seaweeds from both polar regions with regard to the following topics: the history of seaweed research in polar regions; the environment of seaweeds in polar waters; biodiversity, biogeographical relationships and vertical distribution of Arctic and Antarctic seaweeds; life histories and physiological thallus anatomy; temperature demands and geographical distribution; light demands and depth zonation; the effect of salinity, temperature and desiccation on supraand eulittoral seaweeds; seasonality of reproduction and the physiological characteristics of C. Wiencke (&) AE U. H. Lü der

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“…In Laminariales and Desmarestiales, free-living gametophytes are still present; however, they are morphologically inconspicuous, generally consisting of microscopic filaments and they are important mainly in sexual reproduction. It has been suggested that the dissimilar reproductive phase expression in large kelps may be primarily associated with a differential response to wave action (Neushul 1972), herbivory (Slocum 1980;Lubchenco and Cubit 1980;Dethier 1981) or physical factors such as temperature and light (Kain 1964;Lü ning and Neushul 1978;Lü ning 1980b;Fain and Murray 1982;Novaczek 1984;tom Dieck 1993). Early developmental stages of seaweeds (zoospores, gametophytes and small sporophytes) are shade-adapted organisms unlike the adult sporophytes (Kain 1964;Amsler and Neushul 1991;Gó mez and Wiencke 1996a;Dring et al 1996).…”

Section: Seasonality Of Reproduction and The Physiological Characterimentioning

confidence: 99%

Life strategy, ecophysiology and ecology of seaweeds in polar waters

Wiencke¹,

Clayton²,

Gómez³

et al. 2006

Life in Extreme Environments

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Polar seaweeds are strongly adapted to the low temperatures of their environment, Antarctic species more strongly than Arctic species due to the longer cold water history of the Antarctic region. By reason of the strong isolation of the Southern Ocean the Antarctic marine flora is characterized by a high degree of endemism, whereas in the Arctic only few endemic species have been found so far. All polar species are strongly shade adapted and their phenology is finely tuned to the strong seasonal changes of the light conditions. The paper summarises the present knowledge of seaweeds from both polar regions with regard to the following topics: the history of seaweed research in polar regions; the environment of seaweeds in polar waters; biodiversity, biogeographical relationships and vertical distribution of Arctic and Antarctic seaweeds; life histories and physiological thallus anatomy; temperature demands and geographical distribution; light demands and depth zonation; the effect of salinity, temperature and desiccation on supraand eulittoral seaweeds; seasonality of reproduction and the physiological characteristics of C. Wiencke (&) AE U. H. Lü der

show abstract

“…These studies reported both pronounced variability and little-to-no variability between populations. For example, Ecklonia radiata populations in Australia and New Zealand were found to have optimal performances reflective of those experienced by the environment in which they persist (Novaczek 1984, Mohring et al 2014 whereas no intraspecific variability in the gametophyte stage was reported for four kelp species in the northeast Atlantic (Bolton and Lüning 1982). Whether such differences will be important in the context of species redistributions will depend on the comparative vulnerability of the life stages.…”

Section: General Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation in driving intraspecific variability in thermal niches of marine macrophytes

King

¹

,

McKeown

²

,

Smale

³

et al. 2017

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Climate change is driving the redistribution of species at a global scale and documenting and predicting species' responses to warming is a principal focus of contemporary ecology. When interpreting and predicting their responses to warming, species are generally treated as single homogenous physiological units. However, local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity can result in intraspecific differences in thermal niche. Therefore, population loss may also not only occur from trailing edges. In species with low dispersal capacity this will have profound impacts for the species as a whole, as local population loss will not be offset by immigration of warm tolerant individuals. Recent evidence from terrestrial forests has shown that incorporation of intraspecific variation in thermal niche is vital to accurately predicting species responses to warming. However, marine macrophytes (i.e. seagrasses and seaweeds) that form some of the world's most productive and diverse ecosystems have not been examined in the same context. We conducted a literature review to determine how common intraspecific variation in thermal physiology is in marine macrophytes. We find that 90% of studies identified (n = 42) found clear differences in thermal niche between geographically separated populations. Therefore, non-trailing edge populations may also be vulnerable to future warming trends and given their limited dispersal capacity, such population loss may not be offset by immigration. We also explore how next generation sequencing (NGS) is allowing unprecedented mechanistic insight into plasticity and adaptation. We conclude that in the 'genomic era' it may be possible to link understanding of plasticity and adaptation at the genetic level through to changes in populations providing novel insights on the redistribution of populations under future climate change.

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Response of gametophytes of Ecklonia radiata (Laminariales) to temperature in saturating light

Cited by 49 publications

References 12 publications

Life strategy, ecophysiology and ecology of seaweeds in polar waters

Life strategy, ecophysiology and ecology of seaweeds in polar waters

Life strategy, ecophysiology and ecology of seaweeds in polar waters

The importance of phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation in driving intraspecific variability in thermal niches of marine macrophytes

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