Response of False Broomweed ( Ericameria austrotexana ) and Associated Herbaceous Vegetation to Pelleted Herbicides

False broomweed is a troublesome weed on south Texas rangelands. The plant suppresses the growth of desirable herbaceous plant species and is unpalatable to livestock and wildlife. The objectives of this study were to evaluate multispectral satellite data for automated detection, classification, and mapping of false broomweed infestations. Determining the optimum phenological conditions for false broomweed detection was a major goal. Results indicate that satellite data can be used to detect major stands of this shrub and map the relative extent of infested areas. The best classification was obtained when the foliage of the shrub was fully developed and during periods of low herbaceous biomass production. Limited ground or aerial surveying will be needed to produce more exact estimates of the extent of false broomweed stands; however, these efforts can be focused on areas identified by satellite classification.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using Satellite Data to Map False Broomweed (Ericameria austrotexana) Infestations on South Texas Rangelands

Anderson¹,

Everitt²,

Richardson³

et al. 1993

“…Satellite imagery has also been used to detect large weed infestations on rangelands (27). (15,18,19,20). False broomweed and spiny aster are native perennial subshrubs that invade Texas rangelands, often forming dense stands that eliminate forage production on sub stantial areas (19,20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Brush and Weeds on Rangelands Using Video Remote Sensing

Everitt¹,

Escobar²,

Alaniz³

et al. 1992

This paper describes the application of a relatively new remote sensing tool, airborne video imagery, for distinguishing weed and brush species on rangelands. Plant species studied were false broomweed, spiny aster, and Chinese tamarisk. A multispectral video system that acquired color-infrared (CIR) composite imagery and its simultaneously synchronized three-band [near-infrared (NIR), red, and yellow-green] narrowband images was used for the false broomweed and spiny aster experiments. A conventional color camcorder video system was used to study Chinese tamarisk. False broomweed and spiny aster could be detected on CIR composite and NIR narrowband imagery, while Chinese tamarisk could be distinguished on conventional color imagery. Quantitative data obtained from digitized video images of the three species showed that their digital values were statistically different (P = 0.05) from those of associated vegetation and soil. Computer analyses of video images showed that populations of the three species could be quantified from associated vegetation. This technique permits area estimates of false broomweed, spiny aster, and Chinese tamarisk populations on rangeland and wildland areas.

“…It is available as a liquid and also has been formu lated as extruded pellets made with inert clay. Pellets about 4 mm diam containing 10% ai have been com pared to 5% pellets averaging 2.5 mm diam to control several perennial weeds and woody brush species, but size and picloram content of pellets generally have not influenced their effectiveness (7,8,9,12,13,16). These studies suggested that more active ingredient must be applied as pellets than as sprays to control range weeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Herbicide Sprays and Pellets for Control of Broadleaf Weeds in Pastures

Mayeux

1989

Picloram was applied broadcast on kleingrass pastures in the spring either as sprays or as pellets containing 2, 5, or 10% ae. The carrier in 5 and 10% pellets was inert clay, but 2% pellets were formulated with sufficient ammonium sulfate to contain 14.4% N. Dry formulations of picloram (10% ae), dicamba (5% ae), and tebuthiuron (20% ai) were compared to sprays at equal rates in a coastal bermudagrass pasture. Picloram was more effective as a spray than as pellets in two of five experiments. Few differences in weed control were observed with 2, 5, and 10% picloram pellets. Picloram applied up to 3 kg ae/ha as 2% pellets did not reduce kleingrass standing crop and up to 29 kg/ha of N as ammonium sulfate applied with or without picloram did not increase kleingrass production. None of the herbicides controlled weeds during the year following application.