Response of Different Genotypes of Faba Bean Plant to Drought Stress

Abstract

Drought stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that are a threat to crop production worldwide. Drought stress impairs the plants growth and yield. Therefore, the aim of the present experiment was to select the tolerant genotype/s on the basis of moprpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics of 10 Vicia faba genotypes (Zafar 1, Zafar 2, Shebam, Makamora, Espan, Giza Blanka, Giza 3, C4, C5 and G853) under drought stress. We studied the effect of different levels of drought stress i.e., (i) normal irrigation (ii) mild stress (iii) moderate stress, and (iv) severe stress on plant height (PH) plant−1, fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) plant−1, area leaf−1, leaf relative water content (RWC), proline (Pro) content, total chlorophyll (Total Chl) content, electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of genotypes of faba bean. Drought stress reduced all growth parameters and Total Chl content of all genotypes. However, the deteriorating effect of drought stress on the growth performance of genotypes “C5” and “Zafar 1” were relatively low due to its better antioxidant enzymes activities (CAT, POD and SOD), and accumulation of Pro and Total Chl, and leaf RWC. In the study, genotype “C5” and “Zafar 1” were found to be relatively tolerant to drought stress and genotypes “G853” and “C4” were sensitive to drought stress.

Comparative Proteomics Reveals that Phosphorylation of β Carbonic Anhydrase 1 Might be Important for Adaptation to Drought Stress in Brassica napus

“…Rapeseed could use physiological modifications in a similar way to adapt to soil water deficits. The maintenance of a high plant water status during stress is an important defensive mechanism to retain enough water by minimizing water loss15. Stomatal closure under drought is also an avoidance strategy to save water and maintain turgor.…”

“…The studies at the proteome level in plants under drought stress have been carried out in many crops, including rice12, maize10, wheat11, barley9, cotton13, chickpea14, faba bean15, and sugar beet16. Many proteomics studies on the effects of abiotic stresses are available for rapeseed, but only a few proteomic analyses under drought stress were conducted.…”

Short-Time of Rehydration is not Effective to Re-Establish Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Gas Exchange in Two Cowpea Cultivars Submitted to Water Deficit

“…The increases in O2 -and H2O2 reveal the water limitation into plant cells, and consequent formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), being that these composts promote the lipid peroxidation (Siddiqui et al, 2015), and induce the deterioration of the membranes, described by the increases of MDA and EL. Increases in ROS levels under water deficit conditions are associated with low efficiency in the excitation energy dissipation, through the photosynthetic apparatus, which it is considered an important source of overproduction of ROS under abiotic stress (Hura et al, 2015).…”

Influence of Water Stress and Rhizobial Inoculation on Accumulation of Proline in Selected Cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris (L.)

“…There was significance increase in proline content (μmol g -1 .FW) in water stress treatment as compared with un-stressed water treatment. Research evidence has shown that proline is commonly produced in higher plants and generally accumulates in large extent in response to environmental stresses such as water stress and /or drought (Ashraf and Foolad, 2007;Kapuya et al, 1995;Lobato et al, 2008;Siddiqui et al, 2015;Tatar and Gevrek, 2008) and hence serving as a bio indicator of resistance or tolerance to water deficit (Bates et al, 1973). In a closely related study, Sanchez et al, (1998) reported increased proline content in pea plants subjected to drought stress.…”

“…Once plants accumulate proline in their tissues, the proline tends to reduce the toxic effects of ions in enzymes activity and also lowers the generation of free radicals formed by abiotic stresses (Siddiqui et al, 2015). The theory behind proline is therefore very useful to assess the physiological status and more generally to understand stress tolerance in plants species.…”