Response of Common Bean Cultivars and Lines to Aluminum Toxicity

Abstract

The soils in the common bean-producing regions (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) of Brazil are usually acid and conta\y66\yin toxic levels of aluminum (Al) for plants. This ion causes yield losses by inhibiting root cell expansion, thus reducing water and nutrient uptake. This study investigates the optimal Al concentration for the screening of genotypes in hydroponics cultivation and tries to identify cultivars and lines for cultivation in Al-toxic soils. The study consisted of two series of experiments. In the first one, four cultivars were evaluated at five Al concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 ppm) and in the second, four independent tests were carried out (1-carioca, 2-black, 3-red, and 4-white), each with seven genotypes and two Al concentrations (0 and 4 ppm). The optimized concentration of Al in the first stage was 4 ppm, which allowed the early identification of genotypes with less affected development under Al toxicity in the second stage. The common bean cultivars IPR Quero-Quero (carioca group), BRS Esplendor (black group), KID 44 (red group), and WLine 5 (white group) may be indicated for cultivation under Al toxicity.

Genome‐wide association analysis of resistance to aluminum toxicity in the roots of common bean seedlings

“…Crop Science Butare et al, 2011;Lopez-Marin et al, 2009;Neto et al, 2020;Njobvu et al, 2020;Rao et al, 2004), which reported significant genetic variation for Al resistance in common bean. Blair et al (2009) evaluated 36 Andean and Middle American genotypes for Al resistance and reported higher levels of resistance in the Andeans.…”

“…Genetic variation for Al resistance has been reported in common bean (Blair, Lopez-Marin, & Rao, 2009;Butare et al, 2011;Neto et al, 2020;Njobvu, Hamabwe, Munyinda, Kelly, & Kamfwa, 2020;Rao, Beebe, Ricaurte, Teran, & Singh, 2004 Andean and Middle American genotypes for Al resistance in a hydroponic system and reported higher Al resistance in Andean genotypes than in Middle American genotypes. Effective use in breeding of the reported genetic variation for Al toxicity resistance in common bean requires an understanding of its genetic architecture.…”

“…Even in countries where farmers can afford the cost of lime application, it is a major production cost. Development and use of Al-resistant varieties is the most cost-effective management strategy for Al toxicity (Neto et al, 2020).…”

“…Recently, Njobvu et al (2020) Adequate genetic variation for Al resistance is a prerequisite to genetic enhancement of Al resistance in common bean. However, only a few studies have investigated genetic variation in seedling Al resistance and these studies have used smaller population sizes (Blair et al, 2009;Butare et al, 2011;Neto et al, 2020). Investigating genetic variation for Al tolerance with a larger population could improved our current understanding of the extent of genetic variation in common bean for seedling Al resistance.…”

Genome Wide Association Mapping of Root Traits in the Andean Genepool of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Grown With and Without Aluminum Toxicity

“…Both mechanisms are related to mitochondrial metabolism and acid transport (Nunes-Nesi et al, 2014). Though rehabilitation is only on the thin upper layer of the soil surface, Al toxicity and soil acidity can be corrected with the bulk application of lime or gypsum (Neto et al, 2020). This type of soil amelioration will restrict the plant roots from growing deeper which limits their ability to access and extract water from deeper soils and make plants prone to drought stress.…”