Response of carbohydrate metabolism-mediated sink strength to auxin in shoot tips of apple plants

Su, Jing; Zhu, Lingcheng; Li, Baiyun; Ma, Fengwang; Li, Mingjun

doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(20)63593-6

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Therefore, these downregulated genes may be associated with a slight decrease in photosynthetic capacity of white leaves. GAPDH and SPS are two key enzymes involving the Calvin–Benson cycle and sucrose biosynthesis ( Sun et al, 2022 ). Rubisco activase ( RCA ) can keep catalytic active state of Rubisco ( Zhang et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Photosynthetic Capacity in Spongy Mesophyll Cells in White Leaves of Actinidia kolomikta

Chen

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Considering that Actinidia kolomikta bears abundant white leaves on reproductive branches during blossoming, we hypothesized that the white leaves may maintain photosynthetic capacity by adjustments of leaf anatomy and physiological regulation. To test this hypothesis, leaf anatomy, gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and the transcriptome were examined in white leaves of A. kolomikta during flowering. The palisade and spongy mesophyll in the white leaves were thicker than those in green ones. Chloroplast development in palisade parenchyma of white leaves was abnormal, whereas spongy parenchyma of white leaves contained functional chloroplasts. The highest photosynthetic rate of white leaves was ~82% of that of green leaves over the course of the day. In addition, the maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) of the palisade mesophyll in white leaves was significantly lower than those of green ones, whereas Fv/Fm and quantum yield for electron transport were significantly higher in the spongy mesophyll of white leaves. Photosynthetic capacity regulation of white leaf also was attributed to upregulation or downregulation of some key genes involving in photosynthesis. Particularly, upregulation of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), glyeraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and RuBisCO activase (RCA) in white leaf suggested that they might be involved in regulation of sugar synthesis and Rubisco activase in maintaining photosynthetic capacity of white leaf. Conclusions: white leaves contained a thicker mesophyll layer and higher photosynthetic activity in spongy parenchyma cells than those of palisade parenchyma cells. This may compensate for the lowered photosynthetic capacity of the palisade mesophyll. Consequently, white leaves maintain a relatively high photosynthetic capacity in the field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Photosynthetic Capacity in Spongy Mesophyll Cells in White Leaves of Actinidia kolomikta

Chen

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…PAT modulators include synthetic molecules such as polar auxin transport enhancers like Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (Damodaran and Strader 2019) and 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (Singh et al 2009) and polar auxin transport inhibitors like Naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) (Abas et al 2021) and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) (Amijima et al 2014). These compounds have been commonly used as toolkits to study the hormonal influence on plant physiology and development and have been shown in many plants and woody species to enhance or repress the sink tissue growth and activity (Vielba et al 2020; Ahkami et al 2013; Guan et al 2020; Garrido et al 2002; Lin and Sauter 2019; Smulders et al 1988; Copes and Mandel 2000; Taylor and Hoover 2018; Lu et al 2017; Jing et al 2022). However, these synthetic auxin modulators have not been applied in a foliar manner to monitor long-distance C relatioships between leaf (source) and root (sink) tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phytohormone levels are one of the important factors that regulate source-sink interactions in plants (Li et al 2020;Roopendra et al 2018;Ehneß 2000 andMishra et al 2022). As a major plant phytohormone, auxin (in a dose-dependent manner) stimulates the mobilization of carbohydrates in source tissues (leaves in the upper shoot) and elevates their translocation toward sink organs, including root (Hansen and Grossmann 2000;Proels and Roitsch 2009;Smith and Samach 2013), thereby regulating the sink strength (Jing et al 2022). The polar auxin transport (PAT) system comprises several auxin influx and efflux carrier proteins that facilitate the auxin basipetal transport process (Michniewicz et al 2007;Petrášek and Friml 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Polar Auxin Transport Identifies the Molecular Determinants of Source-Sink Carbon Relationships and Sink Strength in Poplar

Balasubramanian

Rivas‐Ubach

Winkler

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Source-to-sink carbon (C) allocation driven by the sink strength, i.e., the ability of a sink organ to import C, plays a central role in tissue growth and biomass productivity. However, molecular drivers of sink strength have not been thoroughly characterized in trees. Auxin, as a major plant phytohormone, regulates the mobilization of photoassimilates in source tissues and elevates the translocation of carbohydrates toward sink organs, including roots. In this study, we used an auxin-stimulated carbon sink approach to understand the molecular processes involved in the long-distance source-sink C allocation in poplar. Poplar cuttings were foliar sprayed with polar auxin transport modulators, including auxin enhancers (AE) (i.e., IBA and IAA) and auxin inhibitor (AI) (i.e., NPA), followed by a comprehensive analysis of leaf, stem, and root tissues using biomass evaluation, phenotyping, C isotope labeling, metabolomics, and transcriptomics approaches. Auxin modulators altered root dry weight and branching pattern, and AE increased photosynthetically fixed C allocation from leaf to root tissues. The transcriptome analysis identified highly expressed genes in root tissue under AE condition including transcripts encoding polygalacturonase and beta-amylase that could increase the sink size and activity. Metabolic analyses showed a shift in overall metabolism including an altered relative abundance levels of galactinol, and an opposite trend in citrate levels in root tissue under AE and AI conditions. In conclusion, we postulate a model suggesting that the source-sink C relationships in poplar could be fueled by mobile sugar alcohols, starch metabolism-derived sugars, and TCA-cycle intermediates as key molecular drivers of sink strength.

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Improved yield by optimizing carbon, nitrogen metabolism and hormone balance in apical kernels under low nitrogen conditions using the low nitrogen–tolerant maize variety

Liu,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Field Crops Research

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Response of carbohydrate metabolism-mediated sink strength to auxin in shoot tips of apple plants

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

Enhancement of Photosynthetic Capacity in Spongy Mesophyll Cells in White Leaves of Actinidia kolomikta

Enhancement of Photosynthetic Capacity in Spongy Mesophyll Cells in White Leaves of Actinidia kolomikta

Modulation of Polar Auxin Transport Identifies the Molecular Determinants of Source-Sink Carbon Relationships and Sink Strength in Poplar

Improved yield by optimizing carbon, nitrogen metabolism and hormone balance in apical kernels under low nitrogen conditions using the low nitrogen–tolerant maize variety

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