Response of Blood Perfusion at ST 36 Acupoint after Drinking Cold Glucose or Saline Injection

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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To investigate the relationship between local blood flux and heart rate variability following different thermal stimulations, healthy subjects were recruited and subject to different thermal stimulations on the right forearm. Multiscale entropy and multiscale fuzzy entropy were used to measure the complexity of the local blood flux, and the approximate entropy was calculated to evaluate the HRV complexity. The results indicated that thermal stimulation significantly increased local blood flux and that different temperature stimulations resulted in different complexities in local blood flux. A 42 °C or 44 °C thermal stimulation, other than stimulations below 42 °C, resulted in a moderate correlation between local blood flux and heart rate variability complexity. The results provide a new perspective in terms of complexity to explore the relationship between skin blood flux signals and cardiac function.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ECG recording and analysis method is described in our previous studies 9 – 11 , 43 . The ECG was recorded using the NeurOne system (NeurOne, MEGA electronics Ltd, Finland) at a sampling rate of 1000 Hz.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Relationship between Blood Flux Signals and HRV following Different Thermal Stimulations using Complexity Analysis

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…In the previous study, the coherence analysis along PC meridian was carried out in different aged human before and after 30 mmHg inflating occlusion [ 27 ]. Further study indicated that coherence analysis might be used to assess microcirculatory changes at different ages [ 28 ] and oral load different cold water [ 29 ]. In the current study, the coherence-frequency curves were significantly different after stimulation in the frequency band of 0.8–1.4 Hz, suggesting that Acup and Moxi have different effects on the coherence of BL meridian.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of Blood Flux at BL21 and Points along BL Meridian Resulted from Acupuncture or Moxibustion: Case Cross Design Study

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

et al. 2017

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Acupuncture (Acup) and moxibustion (Moxi) are commonly used interventions in clinical practice. However, the difference between Acup and moxibustion mechanisms is unclear. In current study, blood perfusion responses resulted from Acup or Moxi at Weishu acupoint (BL21) and control points were explored, respectively. The time series of blood flux signals at BL21 and control points were transformed with Morlet wavelet, and the differences in each frequency interval were observed. The results suggested that acupoint response to different stimulation is a comprehensive process which related to all components of blood perfusion signals. Whereas the different response at control points was not observed, there has been significant difference coherence value between Acup and Moxi stimulation. The results suggested the influence of Acup and Moxi not only on the level of blood perfusion at local area; the intrinsic relevance after stimulation which can be evaluated by coherence analysis is also an appropriate index to distinguish different stimulations.

“…The classic LDFs of both control points (points 1 and 2) were recorded by a PeriFlux 5000 (Perimed AB, Stockholm, Sweden) system with a 64-Hz sample rate. The method used to record and analyze the blood perfusion flux signal is described in our previous studies[27–29]. Both thermal stimulation points and control points are shown in Fig 1B.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ECG was measured by the NeurOne system (NeurOne, MEGA electronics Ltd, Finland). Subjects lay on a comfortable bed, and 3 adhesive Ag/AgCl electrodes (3M, Shanghai, China) were applied to the chest for ECG recording at a sampling rate of 1000 Hz [27, 34–36]. The raw data were imported into Kubio HRV software (Kubios HRV Premium 3.0.0, Kubios oy, Kuopio, Finland) in the ASC format, and then the heart rate MSE was analyzed [37], which is described in S1 File.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the relationship between the speed-resolved perfusion of blood flux and HRV following different thermal stimulations using MSE and MFE analyses

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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Our previous study employed the classic laser Doppler flux (LDF) to explore the complexity of local blood flow signals and their relationship with heart rate variability (HRV). However, microcirculation blood flow is composed of different velocity components. To investigate the complexity of local speed-resolved perfusion and HRV following stimulation with different temperatures in healthy subjects, multiscale entropy (MSE) and multiscale fuzzy entropy (MFE) were used to measure the complexity of local speed-resolved perfusion signals. MSE was also used to evaluate the complexity of HRV. The results indicated that thermal stimulation increased all components of local speed-resolved perfusion and that stimulation with different temperatures resulted in different changes in the complexity area index. However, the same stimulation had no effect on the MSE of HRV. Further research showed that 44°C thermal stimulation resulted in a weak correlation between the composite speed-resolved perfusion and the HRV complexity. The current study provides a new approach for studying the relationship between speed-resolved perfusion signals and cardiac function.