Response of Bioactive Metabolite and Biosynthesis Related Genes to Methyl Jasmonate Elicitation in Codonopsis pilosula

Abstract

Bioactive metabolites in Codonopsis pilosula are of particular interest as an immunostimulant. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) plays an important role in the elicitation of metabolite biosynthesis. Here, we explored the response of metabolites to MeJA elicitation in C. pilosula adventitious roots and multiple shoots. The results showed that the biomass, polysaccharide, and lobetyolin content of adventitious roots exhibited the highest increases with 100 µmol·L−1 MeJA at the 16th day of subculture, whereas the atractylenolide III (a terpenoid) content increased extremely with 50 µmol·L−1 MeJA treatment at the 7th day of subculture. In addition, the biomass and lobetyolin content significantly increased at the 4th day after treatment. Similarly, the polysaccharide and lobetyolin content increased in multiple shoots. Further identification of different metabolites responding to MeJA by 1H-NMR showed an extremely significant increase of the lobetyolinin level, which coincided with lobetyolin. Accordingly, the precursor, fatty acids, showed a highly significant decrease in their levels. Furthermore, a significant increase in β-d-fructose-butanol glycoside was detected, which was accompanied by a decrease in the sucrose level. Accordingly, the enzyme genes responsible for terpenoid and carbohydrate biosynthesis, CpUGPase, and CpPMK, were up regulated. In conclusion, MeJA promoted culture growth and accelerated bioactive metabolite accumulation by regulating the expression of the metabolite biosynthesis related genes, CpUGPase and CpPMK in C. pilosula.

Molecular Cloning and Differential Gene Expression Analysis of 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-Phosphate Synthase (DXS) in Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f) Nees

“…Such observation further highlighted the combo action of in vitro adventitious root cultures, and JA elicitation can contribute towards understanding the gene expression pattern and biosynthesis of andrographolide and other DLs. Previous studies on elicitation and identification of gene regulation pattern for secondary metabolite production give credence to the present findings [59][60][61][62].…”

Anticancer Properties of Lobetyolin, an Essential Component of Radix Codonopsis (Dangshen)

“…The cultivated plant generally shows a lower content in secondary metabolites than the wild plant [ 3 ]. However, root culture methods have been defined to increase the level of bioactive metabolites [ 4 , 5 ]. The use of organic fertilizers [ 6 ] or the inoculation with growth-promoting rhizobacteria can increase markedly the content of metabolites [ 7 ].…”

Methyl Jasmonate – A Multifunctional Molecule Throughout the Whole Plant Life

“…Some scientists declare that usually 100-200 µM MJ stimulates production of different SMs, especially those important in pharmaceutical research, i.e. alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids and phenylopropanoids [Ramirez-Estrada et al 2016, Gai et al 2019, Ji et al 2019]. Exogenous addition of MJ accelerates production of podophyllotoxin in Podophyllum genus, ginsenoides in Panax ginseng, taxane in Taxus spp., hyoscyamine and scopolamine in Hyoscyamus niger, stilbenes and resveratrol in Vitis vinifera, artemisin in Artemisia annua [Ramirez-Estrada et al 2016].…”