Response of Abies to Fire and Phellinus

Cook, Stanton A.; Copsey, Alan D.; Dickman, Alan

doi:10.1201/9780429310720-24

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“…For a small handful of endemic associations characterized by large long-lived hosts, the spread of a killing disease from well-defined infection foci creates the opportunity to track host deaths and compare community structures in the pre-and post-death phases. Situations involving tree pathogens such as Phellinus weirii (Cook et al, 1989) or Armillaria luteobubalina (Shearer et al, 1997) provide a clear picture of the role of at least some pathogens in natural communities. Another possibility to track host deaths is provided by clonal evergreen dwarf shrubs such as Empterum hermaphroditum (Olofsson et al, 2011(Olofsson et al, , 2013 where diseased host tissue remains in situ enabling both pathogen identification and quantification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease influences host population growth rates in a natural wild plant–pathogen association over a 30‐year period

et al. 2021

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1. The epidemiological and demographic dynamics of plant-pathogen interactions in natural environments are strongly affected by spatial and temporal influences.Here we assess the interaction between Filipendula ulmaria and its rust pathogen Triphragmium ulmariae by analysing a 30-year long dataset that has followed pathogen and plant population dynamics in a metapopulation of ~230 host patches growing on islands of the Skeppsvik archipelago in northern Sweden.2. Over this period, the host metapopulation initially expanded in both number and size of individual patches before plateauing. In contrast, the pathogen metapopulation showed greater change. Disease incidence showed a convex pattern rising for the first decade before showing a marked decline in the last decade. At the same time, the prevalence of disease in infected populations showed a constant 30-year long decline.3. At the individual host population level, each population was annually classified into one of four inter-year states: healthy, recolonization, extinction and diseased.Host populations that were healthy from 1 year to the next were significantly smaller than all other host population categories, while host populations in which disease was constantly present were significantly larger. 4. Host populations in which the pathogen underwent either an extinction or a recolonization event were of similar size and represented a measure of the host threshold size for long-term pathogen survival.5. Host population growth rates declined as disease levels increased. The growth rate of host populations in which disease was continuously present was 75% lower than in populations that were free disease.6. The sensitivity of the association to climate change as demonstrated through a decline in disease incidence and prevalence and an increase in drought damage to plant populations as temperatures rise has only become apparent through analysis of an extensive long-term dataset.7. Synthesis. To date wild plant-pathogen studies have focused on the epidemiology of the pathogen and its effect on individual plant fitness. Here we have established a link to the impact of the pathogen on the long-term dynamics of host

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