Response of a natural Antarctic phytoplankton assemblage to changes in temperature and salinity

Antoni, Julieta; Almandoz, Gastón O.; Ferrario, Martha E.; Hernando, Marcelo Pablo; Varela, Diana E.; Rozema, Patrick D.; Buma, Anita G. J.; Paparazzo, Flavio Emiliano; Schloss, Irene R

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2020.151444

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 108 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…During the summer months (December-March), meltwaters on the Western Antarctic Peninsula, where this study was undertaken, occur regularly. It has been shown that meltwater transports high particle loads to the coastal water thereby reducing incident light conditions and salinity that affect microbial community dynamics, leading to changes in species composition (Schloss et al, 2008;Antoni et al, 2020). In this study, we showed different proportions of fungal sequences between different water types.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Antarctic Glacial Meltwater Impacts the Diversity of Fungal Parasites Associated With Benthic Diatoms in Shallow Coastal Zones

et al. 2022

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Aquatic ecosystems are frequently overlooked as fungal habitats, although there is increasing evidence that their diversity and ecological importance are greater than previously considered. Aquatic fungi are critical and abundant components of nutrient cycling and food web dynamics, e.g., exerting top-down control on phytoplankton communities and forming symbioses with many marine microorganisms. However, their relevance for microphytobenthic communities is almost unexplored. In the light of global warming, polar regions face extreme changes in abiotic factors with a severe impact on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Therefore, this study aimed to describe, for the first time, fungal diversity in Antarctic benthic habitats along the salinity gradient and to determine the co-occurrence of fungal parasites with their algal hosts, which were dominated by benthic diatoms. Our results reveal that Ascomycota and Chytridiomycota are the most abundant fungal taxa in these habitats. We show that also in Antarctic waters, salinity has a major impact on shaping not just fungal but rather the whole eukaryotic community composition, with a diversity of aquatic fungi increasing as salinity decreases. Moreover, we determined correlations between putative fungal parasites and potential benthic diatom hosts, highlighting the need for further systematic analysis of fungal diversity along with studies on taxonomy and ecological roles of Chytridiomycota.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Antarctic Glacial Meltwater Impacts the Diversity of Fungal Parasites Associated With Benthic Diatoms in Shallow Coastal Zones

et al. 2022

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“…Recently, significant changes in physical conditions such as increasing summer temperatures in the atmosphere and surrounding waters were observed in the southwestern Ross Sea continental shelf and lengthening of the free ice season was found in Ross Sea polynya induced by climate change ( Stammerjohn et al, 2008 ; Comiso et al, 2011 ; Schine et al, 2016 ; Kaufman et al, 2017 ). These climate-induced stressors can lead to changes in the size structure and assemblage composition of phytoplankton and physiological shifts in the phytoplankton communities ( Yun et al, 2019 ; Antoni et al, 2020 ; Hernando et al, 2020 ). Moreover, herbivores encounter rapidly changing food quality in company with changes in the diverse species, quantity, and biochemical characteristics of their prey ( Scott, 1980 ; Finkel et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Biochemical Compositions of Particulate Organic Matter Driven by Major Phytoplankton Communities in the Northwestern Ross Sea

Kim

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Marine particulate organic matter (POM) largely derived from phytoplankton is a primary food source for upper trophic consumers. Their biochemical compositions are important for heterotrophs. Especially, essential amino acids (EAAs) in phytoplankton are well known to have impacts on the survival and egg productions of herbivorous zooplankton. To estimate the nutritional quality of POM, the biochemical compositions [biomolecular and amino acid (AA) compositions] of POM were investigated in the northwestern Ross Sea during the late austral summer in 2018. Carbohydrates (CHO) accounted for the highest portion among different biomolecules [CHO, proteins (PRT), and lipids (LIP)] of POM. However, the higher contribution of PRT and lower contribution of CHO were observed in the southern section of our study area compared to those in the northern section. The spatial distribution of total hydrolyzable AAs in POM was considerably influenced by phytoplankton biomass, which indicates that the main source of particulate AA was generated by phytoplankton. Our results showed that the relative contribution of EAA to the total AAs was strongly associated with EAA index (EAAI) for determining protein quality. This result indicates that higher EAA contribution in POM suggests a better protein quality in consistency with high EAAI values. In this study, variations in the biochemical compositions in POM were principally determined by two different bloom-forming taxa (diatoms and Phaeocystis antarctica). The southern region dominated majorly by diatoms was positively correlated with PRT, EAA, and EAAI indicating a good protein quality, while P. antarctica-abundant northern region with higher CHO contribution was negatively correlated with good protein quality factors. Climate-driven environmental changes could alter not only the phytoplankton community but also the physiological conditions of phytoplankton. Our findings could provide a better understanding for future climate-induced changes in the biochemical compositions of phytoplankton and consequently their potential impacts on higher trophic levels.

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“…In this manner, productivity shows a positive correlation with the increase in temperature up to species optimum (Huertas et al, 2011). Changes in species composition are already being observed in response to altered temperature patterns (Larsson et al, 2015;Hernando et al, 2015Hernando et al, , 2020Antoni et al, 2020), considering that the ability to adapt to such changes are species-specific in a phytoplankton assemblage (Gao et al, 2012). Consequently, the pronounced variability in oceanatmosphere exchanges of heat along WAP has a strong impact on primary production, community composition and ecosystem functioning (Ducklow et al, 2013;Meredith et al, 2017;Hernando et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Overall, organisms' responses to heat waves may involve reversible adjustment of their physiology by changing the content of some biomolecules or with activation of antioxidant systems, among other processes (Hernando et al, 2015;Hernando et al, 2018;Hernando et al, 2020;de la Rosa et al, 2020). Because phytoplankton growth and composition are highly dependent on environmental conditions (Galloway and Winder, 2015;Antoni et al, 2020), there is an urgent need to understand how microalgae will be affected at the biochemical level in our warming world. Also, algae inhabiting regions at different latitudes are adapted to different ranges of temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acids in microalgae and cyanobacteria in a changing world: Contrasting temperate and cold environments

Hernando¹,

Schloss²,

Rosa³

et al. 2022

Biocell

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Response of a natural Antarctic phytoplankton assemblage to changes in temperature and salinity

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Cited by 20 publications

References 108 publications

Antarctic Glacial Meltwater Impacts the Diversity of Fungal Parasites Associated With Benthic Diatoms in Shallow Coastal Zones

Antarctic Glacial Meltwater Impacts the Diversity of Fungal Parasites Associated With Benthic Diatoms in Shallow Coastal Zones

Different Biochemical Compositions of Particulate Organic Matter Driven by Major Phytoplankton Communities in the Northwestern Ross Sea

Fatty acids in microalgae and cyanobacteria in a changing world: Contrasting temperate and cold environments

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