Response of 557.7 and 630-nm atomic oxygen emissions to sharp variations in solar wind parameters

Abstract

The paper presents the study of the 557.7 and 630 nm atomic oxygen emission responses to sharp variations in solar wind parameters caused by shock waves. The optical and geomagnetic data for Eastern Siberia, as well as data on parameters of the interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind, were used for the analysis. An increase in the emission intensity was observed at sharp variations in the speed and density of solar wind plasma in certain cases, whereas the responses were absent in other cases. It is shown that the pres ence or absence of the responses in the intensity of the emissions does not relate to the disturbance amplitude of the solar wind parameters. It is suggested that the increase in the emission intensity can be caused by elec tron precipitations from a magnetic trap during interaction between shock waves propagating in the solar wind and the magnetosphere.

A Rare Simultaneous Detection of a Mid‐Latitude Plasma Depleted Structure in O(1D) 630.0 and O(1S) 557.7 nm All‐Sky Airglow Images on a Geomagnetically Quiet Night

“…On the other hand, on 27 June 2021, MSTID bands were observed only in 630.0 nm airglow images which indicates that the mesospheric component of 557.7 nm emission dominated over the thermospheric counterpart (Figures 1a–1e and 1f–1j). One of reasons behind the enhanced thermospheric 557.7 nm emission over mid‐latitude regions is the collision of oxygen atoms with super‐thermal electrons (STEs) ($$\mathrm{O}+{\mathrm{e}}_{\text{STE}}\to {\mathrm{O}}^{\ast }({}^{1}\mathrm{S},{}^{1}\mathrm{D})$$) (Leonovich et al., 2012, 2015; Tashchilin & Leonovich, 2016). Precipitation of electrons over mid‐latitude regions during geomagnetic storms can increase the rate of ion production (O 2 + , O + , etc.)…”

Modeling nightglow in atomic oxygen red and green lines under moderate disturbed geomagnetic conditions at midlatitudes

“…This interpretation is based on the assumption [Leonovich et al, 2015] that electrons penetrate into mid-latitude L shells, where they are trapped, while drifting from the inner magnetosphere under strengthening of the convection electric field during a preceding magnetic storm. Then, during the next geomagnetic storm, the trapped electrons are intensively scattered by magnetosonic waves [Hasegawa, 1976;Goertz, 1984;Leonovich, Mazur, 1989].…”

“…An analysis of observational data on atmospheric 557.7 and 630-nm atomic oxygen emissions, which were acquired in Eastern Siberia (52  N, 103  E) during moderate geomagnetic storms, has revealed disturbances of intensity variations [Leonovich et al, 2012;Leonovich et al, 2015]. Figure 1 illustrates the behavior of parameters of near-Earth space (B z component of the interplanetary geomagnetic field, solar wind proton density, Dst variations and nocturnal emission intensity of atomic oxygen in the red (630 nm) and green (557.7 nm) lines during weak (April 4-6, 2008: K p max =5, A p max =45, and moderate (September 23-24, 2006: K p max =7, A p max =45, Dst=-60;April 5-8, 2010: K p max =7, A p max >100, Dst=-80) geomagnetic storms.…”