Response Mapping to Translate Health Outcomes into the Generic Health-Related Quality-of-Life Instrument EQ-5D: Introducing the mrs2eq and oks2eq Commands

Ramos-Gonñi, Juan Manuel; Rivero‐Arias, Oliver; Dakin, Helen

doi:10.1177/1536867x1301300303

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“… 20 21 There are value sets or ‘tariffs’ available for many countries, which show the value of each possible health state. 22 A response mapping algorithm based on Monte Carlo simulation, averaging estimates over 1000 samples, was used to predict responses to each of the EQ-5D from SF-12 responses and these were used to calculate utility values. 19 23 24 The algorithm was derived using multinomial response mapping , validated internally and externally using the 2000 US Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), generating index values for eight countries: the UK, the USA, Spain, Germany, the Netherlands, Denmark, Japan and Zimbabwe.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and survival 1 year after stroke: five European population-based registers

et al. 2015

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ObjectiveThere were two main objectives: to describe and compare clinical outcomes and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) collected using standardised procedures across the European Registers of Stroke (EROS) at 3 and 12 months after stroke; and to examine the relationship between patients’ Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) at 3 months after stroke and survival up to 1 year across the 5 populations.DesignAnalysis of data from population-based stroke registers.SettingEuropean populations in Dijon (France); Kaunas (Lithuania); London (UK); Warsaw (Poland) and Sesto Fiorentino (Italy).ParticipantsPatients with ischaemic or intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) stroke, registered between 2004 and 2006.Outcome measures(1) HRQoL, assessed by the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) of the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), mapped into the EQ-5D to estimate responses on 5 dimensions (mobility, activity, pain, anxiety and depression, and self-care) and utility scores. (2) Mortality within 3 months and within 1 year of stroke.ResultsOf 1848 patients, 325 were lost to follow-up and 500 died within a year of stroke. Significant differences in mortality, HRQoL and utility scores were found, and remained after adjustments. Kaunas had an increased risk of death; OR 2.34, 95% CI (1.32 to 4.14) at 3 months after stroke in Kaunas, compared with London. Sesto Fiorentino had the highest adjusted PCS: 43.54 (SD=0.96), and Dijon had the lowest adjusted MCS: 38.67 (SD=0.67). There are strong associations between levels of the EQ-5D at 3 months and survival within the year. The trend across levels suggests a dose–response relationship.ConclusionsThe study demonstrated significant variations in survival, HRQoL and utilities across populations that could not be explained by stroke severity and sociodemographic factors. Strong associations between HRQoL at 3 months and survival to 1 year after stroke were identified.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and survival 1 year after stroke: five European population-based registers

et al. 2015

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“…First, we focused on the mapping method of the QoL values. In the sensitivity analysis we used the second validated algorithm of Rivero-Arias et al (2010) [21] and replicated the OLS regression option using Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations, again implemented with the STATA package mrs2eq [22]. Second, we focused on the uncertainty underlying the cost derivation of costs after hospital discharge, as this part is largely determined from previously published cost estimates for the Dutch setting [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study we evaluated the causal impact of a centralised stroke care system on healthcare costs and QoL values up to 3 months after hospital discharge, compared to a decentralised stroke care system. To this end we linked the original dataset [9] to the hospital information system comprising patient-level data and used previously published cost estimates [20] and algorithms [21,22]. We show that centralising IVT lowers costs and increases patients' health - Inference: ** indicate significant differences at the 1% level based on the mean differences of the two systems proving dominance over the decentralised system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Functional disability and independence at 3 months was assessed with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). mRS scores were subsequently mapped into Quality of Life (QoL) values using a validated algorithm [21,22].…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The scale consists of seven grades, from 0 to 6, with 0 corresponding to no symptoms, 5 corresponding to severe disability and 6 to indicate mortality. The mRS scores at 3 months were recorded in the original dataset and mapped into QoL values between 0 and 1 using a validated algorithm [21], implemented with the corresponding STATA package mrs2eq [22]. The EQ.…”

Section: Quality Of Life (Qol) Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Centralising acute stroke care within clinical practice in the Netherlands: lower bounds of the causal impact

Freriks

Mierau

Buskens

et al. 2020

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background:Authors in previous studies demonstrated that centralising acute stroke care is associated with an increased chance of timely Intra-Venous Thrombolysis (IVT) and lower costs compared to care at community hospitals. In this study we estimated the lower bound of the causal impact of centralising IVT on health and cost outcomes within clinical practice in the Northern Netherlands. Methods: We used observational data from 267 and 780 patients in a centralised and decentralised system, respectively. The original dataset was linked to the hospital information systems. Literature on healthcare costs and Quality of Life (QoL) values up to 3 months post-stroke was searched to complete the input. We used Synthetic Control Methods (SCM) to counter selection bias. Differences in SCM outcomes included 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). To deal with unobserved heterogeneity we focused on recently developed methods to obtain the lower bounds of the causal impact. Results: Using SCM to assess centralising acute stroke 3 months post-stroke revealed healthcare savings of $US 1735 (CI, 505 to 2966) while gaining 0.03 (CI, − 0.01 to 0.73) QoL per patient. The corresponding lower bounds of the causal impact are $US 1581 and 0.01. The dominant effect remained stable in the deterministic sensitivity analyses with $US 1360 (CI, 476 to 2244) as the most conservative estimate. Conclusions: In this study we showed that a centralised system for acute stroke care appeared both cost-saving and yielded better health outcomes. The results are highly relevant for policy makers, as this is the first study to address the issues of selection and unobserved heterogeneity in the evaluation of centralising acute stroke care, hence presenting causal estimates for budget decisions.

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Ten-year patient-reported outcomes following total and minimally invasive unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: a propensity score-matched cohort analysis

Burn

Sanchez‐Santos

Pandit

et al. 2016

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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Purpose For patients with medial compartment arthritis who have failed non-operative treatment, either a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or a unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) can be undertaken. This analysis considers how the choice between UKA and TKA affects long-term patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).MethodsThe Knee Arthroplasty Trial (KAT) and a cohort of patients who received a minimally invasive UKA provided data. Propensity score matching was used to identify comparable patients. Oxford Knee Score (OKS), its pain and function components, and the EuroQol 5 Domain (EQ-5D) index, estimated on the basis of OKS responses, were then compared over 10 years following surgery. Mixed-effects regressions for repeated measures were used to estimate the effect of patient characteristics and type of surgery on PROMs.ResultsFive-hundred and ninety UKAs were matched to the same number of TKAs. Receiving UKA rather than TKA was found to be associated with better scores for OKS, including both its pain and function components, and EQ-5D, with the differences expected to grow over time. UKA was also associated with an increased likelihood of patients achieving a successful outcome, with an increased chance of attaining minimally clinically important improvements in both OKS and EQ-5D, and an ‘excellent’ OKS. In addition, for both procedures, patients aged between 60 and 70 and better pre-operative scores were associated with better post-operative outcomes.ConclusionMinimally invasive UKAs performed on patients with the appropriate indications led to better patient-reported pain and function scores than TKAs performed on comparable patients. UKA can lead to better long-term quality of life than TKA and this should be considered alongside risk of revision when choosing between the procedures.Level of evidenceII.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00167-016-4404-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Response Mapping to Translate Health Outcomes into the Generic Health-Related Quality-of-Life Instrument EQ-5D: Introducing the mrs2eq and oks2eq Commands

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Variations in Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and survival 1 year after stroke: five European population-based registers

Variations in Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and survival 1 year after stroke: five European population-based registers

Centralising acute stroke care within clinical practice in the Netherlands: lower bounds of the causal impact

Ten-year patient-reported outcomes following total and minimally invasive unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: a propensity score-matched cohort analysis

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