Response inhibition and impulsivity: an fMRI study

Horn, Neil; Dolan, Mairead; Elliott, Richard M.; Deakin, Bill; Woodruff, Peter

doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(03)00077-0

Cited by 527 publications

(416 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Earlier response-inhibition studies in healthy subjects consistently reported activation of the frontal-striatal circuit. Our control sample demonstrated extensive activation of this same circuit, including bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), bilateral middle frontal gyrus, bilateral insula, left precentral gyrus and striatal structures, consistent with the literature involving inhibition studies of healthy subjects (Cabeza and Nyberg, 2000;Horn et al, 2003). Many of these same frontal-striatal regions were activated in our medication-free BP II depressed group, but to a significantly lesser extent than in the HC group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Frontal lobe hypoactivation in medication-free adults with bipolar II depression during response inhibition

Penfold¹,

Vizueta²,

Townsend³

et al. 2015

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Frontal lobe hypoactivation in medication-free adults with bipolar II depression during response inhibition

Penfold¹,

Vizueta²,

Townsend³

et al. 2015

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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“…This task was based on one reported by Casey et al (1997) and previously used in our Unit (Horn et al, 2003;Anderson et al, 2002). Subjects were presented with a series of letters displayed for 500 ms every 1.73 s on a screen and instructed to respond, using a button box, to all letters apart from 'V' by pressing a button.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study, we have shown that patients with the diagnosis of borderline and antisocial personality disorder (which is associated with lack of impulse control) activate more widespread prefrontal and temporal cortical areas than healthy controls in the Go/No-go task (Völlm et al, 2004), a neuropsychological task requiring behavioral inhibition (Casey et al, 1997). The Go/No-go task has been widely used as a cognitive activation paradigm with normal volunteers, and it produces consistent prefrontal activation (Horn et al, 2003;Völlm et al, 2004;Rubia et al, 2003;Anderson et al, 2002;Menon et al, 2001;Liddle et al, 2001;Kawashima et al, 1996). The lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), particularly on the right, is a common area activated by No-go compared with Go conditions in these studies and appears to be specifically involved in the inhibition of responses (Aron et al, 2003;Rubia et al, 2003;Menon et al, 2001;Liddle et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Citalopram Pretreatment on Neuronal Responses to Neuropsychological Tasks in Normal Volunteers: An fMRI Study

Del-Ben

Deakin

McKie

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

238

184

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Changes in serotonin neurotransmission have also been implicated in the etiology and treatment of impulse control disorders, depression, and anxiety. We have investigated the effect of enhancing serotonin function on fundamental brain processes that we have proposed are abnormal in these disorders. In all, 12 male volunteers received citalopram (7.5 mg intravenously) and placebo pretreatment in a single-blind crossover design before undertaking Go/No-go, Loss/No-loss, and covert (aversive) face emotion recognition tasks during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Blood oxygenation level dependent responses were analyzed using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM2). The tasks activated prefrontal and subcortical regions generally consistent with literature with lateral orbitofrontal cortex (BA47) common to the three tasks. Citalopram pretreatment enhanced the right BA47 responses to the No-go condition, but attenuated this response to aversive faces. Attenuations were seen following citalopram in the medial orbitofrontal (BA11) responses to the No-go and No-loss (ie relative reward compared with Loss) conditions. The right amygdala response to aversive faces was attenuated by citalopram. These results support the involvement of serotonin in modulating basic processes involved in psychiatric disorders but argue for a process-specific, rather than general effect. The technique of combining drug challenge with fMRI (pharmacoMRI) has promise for investigating human psychiatric disorders.

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“…It remains to interpret the nature of these general deficits. If we refer to the existing literature that shows differences in cognitive functioning between obese and non-obese people (e.g., Nasser et al, 2004;Nederkoorn, Braet, et al, 2006), it could be argued that obese persons have a fundamental inhibition problem, corresponding to a high level of impulsivity (Horn, Dolan, Elliott, Deakin, & Woodruff, 2003;Stein, Hollander, DeCaria, & Trungold, 1991;Visser, Das-Smaal, & Kwakman, 1996;White et al, 1994). However, the modified shifting task does not allow one to characterize the precise nature of the inhibition deficit: it may be a deficit affecting prepotent response inhibition and/or a deficit affecting resistance to proactive interference (Friedman & Miyake, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The finding of a more pronounced inhibition problem in obese persons with binge eating disorder is of crucial practical importance. Some authors have shown that impulsivity, which is related to inhibitory difficulties (Horn et al, 2003;Stein et al, 1991;Visser et al, 1996;White et al, 1994), predicts overeating (Guerrieri, Nederkoorn, & Jansen, 2007). This tendency to overeat can, in turn, lead to weight gain and to the development of maladaptive strategies to control weight (e.g., dieting, skipping meals).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive deficits in obese persons with and without binge eating disorder. Investigation using a mental flexibility task

et al. 2011

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Objective: Studies suggest that cognitive deficits and attentional biases play a role in the development and maintenance of obesity and eating disorders. In this study, we simultaneously examine attentional biases, as well as inhibitory control and mental flexibility, which are keys to controlling unwanted behaviors and thoughts in obese patients with and without binge eating disorder. Methods: 16 obese patients with binge eating disorder and 16 patients without binge eating disorder were compared with 16 normal-weight controls on a ‘‘food/body-mental flexibility task'', which allows the investigation of inhibitory control, mental flexibility and attention for stimuli related to the body and food. Results: All obese patients made significantlymore errors (i.e., pressing a key when a distracter displayed) andmore omissions (i.e., not pressing a key when a target displayed) than controls in both food and body sections of the task. Obese participants with binge eating disorder made significantly more errors and omissions than those without binge eating disorder. No difference between groups was found concerning mental flexibility and cognitive biases for food- and body-related targets. Discussion: These results suggest that obese patients have a general inhibition problemand difficulty focusing attention, which do not depend on the types of stimuli processed. The results also suggest that these cognitive deficits are more severe in obese patients with binge eating disorder, which indicates that there is a continuum of increasing inhibition and cognitive problems with increasingly disordered eating. These cognitive deficits may contribute to problematic eating behaviors

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Response inhibition and impulsivity: an fMRI study

Cited by 527 publications

References 26 publications

Frontal lobe hypoactivation in medication-free adults with bipolar II depression during response inhibition

Frontal lobe hypoactivation in medication-free adults with bipolar II depression during response inhibition

The Effect of Citalopram Pretreatment on Neuronal Responses to Neuropsychological Tasks in Normal Volunteers: An fMRI Study

Cognitive deficits in obese persons with and without binge eating disorder. Investigation using a mental flexibility task

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