Response function of NE213 scintillator for 0.5–6 MeV neutrons measured by an improved pulse shape discrimination

Lee, J.H; Lee, C.S

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(97)01073-5

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Scintillation light from nuclear recoils is quenched in all materials. BC501A is not an exception, and the quenching factor has been found to be non-linear [37]. An electron equivalent scale is established by calibrating the BC501A detector with the 662 keV gamma line from 137 Cs.…”

Section: Event Selection By Pulse Shape Discrimination In Bc501amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of the quenching factor of Na recoils in NaI(Tl)

Chagani¹,

Majewski²,

Daw³

et al. 2008

J. Inst.

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Measurements of the quenching factor for sodium recoils in a 5 cm diameter NaI(Tl) crystal at room temperature have been made at a dedicated neutron facility at the University of Sheffield. The crystal has been exposed to 2.45 MeV mono-energetic neutrons generated by a Sodern GENIE 16 neutron generator, yielding nuclear recoils of energies between 10 and 100 keVnr. A cylindrical BC501A detector has been used to tag neutrons that scatter off sodium nuclei in the crystal. Cuts on pulse shape and time of flight have been performed on pulses recorded by an Acqiris DC265 digitiser with a 2 ns sampling time. Measured quenching factors of Na nuclei range from 19% to 26% in good agreement with other experiments, and a value of 25.2 ± 6.4% has been determined for 10 keV sodium recoils. From pulse shape analysis, the mean times of pulses from electron and nuclear recoils have been compared down to 2 keVee. The experimental results are compared to those predicted by Lindhard theory, simulated by the SRIM Monte Carlo code, and a preliminary curve calculated by Prof. Akira Hitachi.

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Section: Event Selection By Pulse Shape Discrimination In Bc501amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cutting at total pulse areas greater than 16 nVs, as shown in figure 8, yields a minimum energy threshold of 280 keVee. Using the non-linear function for the proton quenching factor given by [37], this corresponds to a proton recoil energy of 910 keVnr. Reducing the threshold further does not affect the resulting quenching factor.…”

Section: Jinst 3 P06003mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the quenching factor of Na recoils in NaI(Tl)

Chagani¹,

Majewski²,

Daw³

et al. 2008

J. Inst.

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“…Data used in this section were obtained in laboratory measurements of an 241 Am- 9 Be source performed by the plastic scintillator detector mentioned in section 3. The radioactivity of the neutron source manufactured in 1978 was 2.0×10 8 Bq. The source is set at a 10 cm distance to the center of the scintillator.…”

Section: Data and Preprocessingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two types of plastic scintillators are used to detect a 'start' and a 'stop' signal for TOF measurements. Standard plastics are sensitive both for gamma-rays (γ) and neutrons (n), without having the properties of discrimination of these two kinds of events [7,8]. To avoid the effect of the gamma background of HL-2M tokamak, a new type of plastic scintillator named EJ-299-33 with pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) property is employed in the spectrometer [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A real-time neutron-gamma discriminator based on the support vector machine method for the time-of-flight neutron spectrometer

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2018

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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A new neutron-gamma discriminator based on the support vector machine (SVM) method is proposed to improve the performance of the time-of-flight neutron spectrometer. The neutron detector is an EJ-299-33 plastic scintillator with pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) property. The SVM algorithm is implemented in field programmable gate array (FPGA) to carry out the real-time sifting of neutrons in neutron-gamma mixed radiation fields. This study compares the ability of the pulse gradient analysis method and the SVM method. The results show that this SVM discriminator can provide a better discrimination accuracy of 99.1%. The accuracy and performance of the SVM discriminator based on FPGA have been evaluated in the experiments. It can get a figure of merit of 1.30.

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“…For example, the omnidirectional neutron measurement by COMPTEL was performed using one D1 module, a cylinder with 13.8 cm radius and depth of 8 cm filled by liquid scintillator NE213A [43]. In addition to NE213 [87], other liquid scintillators are good, like the BC501A scintillator studied by the ICARUS collaboration [88], EJ301 (similar to BC501A), and the EJ309 scintillator, more suitable for environmentally difficult situations [89]. However, directionality is only achievable by developing a large time projection chamber filled by liquid scintillator, which is perhaps too challenging (though very interesting) for a space experiment.…”

Section: B Detector Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron astronomy

Casadei¹

2017

Preprint

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Neutrons travel along straight lines in free space, but only survive for a distance which depends on their energy. Thus, detecting neutrons in space in principle provides directional and distance information. Apart from secondary neutrons produced by cosmic-ray interactions in the Earth atmosphere, which are the dominant background, direct neutron emission is caused by solar flares, with clear time correlation with X-rays, which can be measured from few tens MeV up to few GeV. There is no detectable astrophysical source up to the PeV scale, when neutrons coming from supernova remnants may reach the Earth before decaying. In addition, ultra high energy neutrons are the most plausible explanation for the measured anisotropy of cosmic-ray showers produced in the atmosphere above 10 18 eV. From the GeV to the PeV scale, the expected neutron flux is very low and not too different from the antiproton flux, as the same cosmic-ray collisions with the interstellar medium which can produce antiprotons can also produce neutrons and antineutrons. This background flux of cosmic-ray neutrons is very low and has not yet been detected. Measuring the neutron energy spectrum in space is a very effective way of searching for decays of exotic particles. For example, dark matter could consist of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), which may annihilate into final states with particle and antiparticle pairs. Consequently, a number of indirect WIMP searches are being carried on, focusing on positron and antiproton spectra. However, no experiment is presently foreseen to look for "bumps" in the neutron energy spectrum, which is virtually background free. Here we consider the implications of a measurement of the neutron energy spectrum in astronomy and astrophysics and list the interesting energy regions in the search for WIMPs.

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Response function of NE213 scintillator for 0.5–6 MeV neutrons measured by an improved pulse shape discrimination

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Measurement of the quenching factor of Na recoils in NaI(Tl)

Measurement of the quenching factor of Na recoils in NaI(Tl)

A real-time neutron-gamma discriminator based on the support vector machine method for the time-of-flight neutron spectrometer

Neutron astronomy

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