Response: Commentary: Manifold Routes to a Nucleus

Poole, Anthony M.; Hendrickson, Heather

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02585

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It has been proposed that there is a larger proportion of active ribosomes distributed distantly from the nucleoid than adjacent to it ( Gottshall et al, 2014 ). Due to the existence of ribosomes inside the Planctomycete nucleus-like compartment, whether or not this compartment in Planctomycetes is truly nucleus-like is still an ongoing debate ( Gottshall et al, 2014 ; Hendrickson and Poole, 2018 ; Jogler et al, 2019 ; Poole and Hendrickson, 2019 ). A replication compartment has also been reported in eukaryotic viruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phage Nucleus and PhuZ Spindle: Defining Features of the Subcellular Organization and Speciation of Nucleus-Forming Jumbo Phages

2021

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Bacteriophages and their bacterial hosts are ancient organisms that have been co-evolving for billions of years. Some jumbo phages, those with a genome size larger than 200 kilobases, have recently been discovered to establish complex subcellular organization during replication. Here, we review our current understanding of jumbo phages that form a nucleus-like structure, or “Phage Nucleus,” during replication. The phage nucleus is made of a proteinaceous shell that surrounds replicating phage DNA and imparts a unique subcellular organization that is temporally and spatially controlled within bacterial host cells by a phage-encoded tubulin (PhuZ)-based spindle. This subcellular architecture serves as a replication factory for jumbo Pseudomonas phages and provides a selective advantage when these replicate in some host strains. Throughout the lytic cycle, the phage nucleus compartmentalizes proteins according to function and protects the phage genome from host defense mechanisms. Early during infection, the PhuZ spindle positions the newly formed phage nucleus at midcell and, later in the infection cycle, the spindle rotates the nucleus while delivering capsids and distributing them uniformly on the nuclear surface, where they dock for DNA packaging. During the co-infection of two different nucleus-forming jumbo phages in a bacterial cell, the phage nucleus establishes Subcellular Genetic Isolation that limits the potential for viral genetic exchange by physically separating co-infection genomes, and the PhuZ spindle causes Virogenesis Incompatibility, whereby interacting components from two diverging phages negatively affect phage reproduction. Thus, the phage nucleus and PhuZ spindle are defining cell biological structures that serve roles in both the life cycle of nucleus-forming jumbo phages and phage speciation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phage Nucleus and PhuZ Spindle: Defining Features of the Subcellular Organization and Speciation of Nucleus-Forming Jumbo Phages

2021

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“…It is a major source of nosocomial infections, particularly in people with cystic fibrosis, as well as a major cause of death for immunocompromised patients [11] . There have been reports of strains of P. aeruginosa that are resistant to almost all the common antibiotic classes, making their treatment increasingly difficult [12] . Hence, there is a pressing need for current scientific studies to develop new, more effective, and safer antimicrobial treatments for multi‐drug resistant strains [13] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Activity of Quinoline‐Based Derivatives against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Design, Synthesis, DFT and Molecular Dynamic Simulations

Sabt,

Abdelraof,

Hamissa

et al. 2023

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Bacterial virulence becomes a significant challenge for clinical treatments, particularly those characterized as Multi‐Drug‐Resistant (MDR) strains. Therefore, the preparation of new compounds with active moieties could be a successful approach for eradication of MDR strains. For this purpose, newly synthesized quinoline compounds were prepared and tested for their antimicrobial activity against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (PA). Among the synthesized derivatives, compounds 1‐(quinolin‐2‐ylamino)pyrrolidine‐2,5‐dione (8) and 2‐(2‐((5‐methylfuran‐2‐yl)methylene)hydrazinyl)quinoline (12) were shown to possess the highest antimicrobial activity with the minimum inhibitory concentration with the values of 5±2.2 and10±1.5 μg/mL towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa without any activity towards MRSA. Interestingly, compounds 2‐(2‐((1H‐indol‐3‐yl)methylene)hydrazinyl)quinoline (13) and 2‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐3‐(quinolin‐2‐ylamino)thiazolidin‐4‐one (16c) showed significant inhibition activity against Staphylococcus aureus MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Compound 13 (with indole moiety) particularly displayed excellent bactericidal activity with low MIC values 20±3.3 and 10±1.5 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. Effects molecular modelling was used to determine the mode of action for the antimicrobial effect. The stability of complexes formed by docking and target‐ligand pairing was evaluated using molecular dynamics simulations. The compounds were also tested for binding affinity to the target protein using MM‐PBSA. Density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations were also used to investigate the electrochemical properties of various compounds.

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“…Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ) is a gram‐negative, rod‐shaped bacterium that can cause pneumonia, septic shock, urinary and gastrointestinal tract infections, as well as skin and ear infections [1, 2]. It has a natural resistance to many antimicrobial drugs and can develop biofilms to protect itself from antibiotic treatment [3–5]. With the overuse of antibiotics and the lack of new antibiotic drug development over the past few decades, effective treatment of P. aeruginosa has become increasingly challenging for public health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy study of the responses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to blue light and antibiotic treatment

Zhang,

Zaki,

Won

et al. 2023

Journal of Biophotonics

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a multidrug‐resistant human pathogen involved in numerous infections. Understanding the response of P. aeruginosa to various treatments is critical to developing new ways for the antimicrobial susceptibly test and more effective treatment methods. Conventional antimicrobial susceptibility tests lack molecular information at the single bacterium level. In this study, we used label‐free multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy to identify an autofluorescence signal from pyoverdine, a siderophore of the bacteria, for quantification of P. aeruginosa responses to antibiotics and blue light treatment. We also discovered that the bleaching of the pyoverdine autofluorescence signals is correlated with the inactivation of P. aeruginosa and is perhaps one of the mechanisms involved in the blue light inactivation of P. aeruginosa.

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Response: Commentary: Manifold Routes to a Nucleus

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

The Phage Nucleus and PhuZ Spindle: Defining Features of the Subcellular Organization and Speciation of Nucleus-Forming Jumbo Phages

The Phage Nucleus and PhuZ Spindle: Defining Features of the Subcellular Organization and Speciation of Nucleus-Forming Jumbo Phages

Antibacterial Activity of Quinoline‐Based Derivatives against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Design, Synthesis, DFT and Molecular Dynamic Simulations

A multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy study of the responses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to blue light and antibiotic treatment

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