Response Characteristics of<i>Scirpus Triqueter</i>and Its Rhizosphere to Pyrene Contaminated Soils at Different Growth Stages

et al. 2014

Sci Rep

Different types of sediments in salt marsh have different physical and chemical characters. Thus sediment type plays a role in plant competition and growth in salt marsh ecosystems. Spartina anglica populations have been increasingly confined to upper elevation gradients of clay, and the niche sediment has changed. Because the niches of S. anglica and the native species Scirpus triqueter overlap, we conducted a greenhouse experiment to test the hypothesis that plant competition has changed under different types of sediments. Biomass and asexual reproduction were analyzed, and inter- and intraspecific competition was measured by log response ratio for the two species in both monoculture and combination under three sediment types (sand, clay and mixture of sand and clay). For S. anglica, biomass, ramet number and rhizome length in combination declined significantly compared with those in monoculture, and the intensity of interspecific competition was significantly higher than that of intraspecific competition under all sediments. For S. triqueter, the intensities of intra- and interspecific competition were not significantly different. This indicates that S. triqueter exerts an asymmetric competitive advantage over S. anglica across all sediments, but especially clay. Thus the sediment type changes competition between S. anglica and S. triqueter.

“…Scirpus is a rhizomatous perennial sedge native to China 37 . The plant may reach a height of about 20–100 cm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scirpus triqueter L. (hereafter called Scirpus ) is species native to China 37 . It grows on low-lying moist sites, where an overlapping niche exists with Spartina , and it likely results in competition between the two plant species.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment Type Affects Competition between a Native and an Exotic Species in Coastal China

Liu

et al. 2014

Sci Rep

“…To some degree, the larger diesel removal extent in the V. tricolor rhizosphere might be induced by the more active soil microbes. As vital oxidoreductases in the soil, PPO and CAT are accountable for essential metabolic processes including the degradation and detoxification of xenobiotic pollutants . In this literature, it was observed that there was a positive correlation between pollutant removal extent and PPO activity ( p < 0.01) with regard to phytoremediation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Different Biomass Allocation, Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Characteristics between Diesel‐Degrading Plants

Wei

Liu

et al. 2014

CLEAN Soil Air Water

Though phytoremediation of petroleum pollution has been studied widely, rare literature has expounded the physiological and microecological distinctions among diesel-degrading plants. A pot experiment was conducted to detect the diesel-degrading potential of six flowering plants. At the end of the experiment, Chlorophytum comosum, Pericallis hybrida, Altemanthera ficoidea, Oxalis corymbosa, Calendula officinalis, and Viola tricolor removed 54. 3-55.0, 54.1-67.7, 57.3-62.0, 57.4-62.0, 58.8-69.0, and 64.5-76.3% of diesel hydrocarbons, respectively. Therefore, C. comosum was chosen as an incompetent diesel-degrading plant, and V. tricolor as a competent one. Both root and shoot biomass of the two chosen plants decreased sharply when subjected to diesel pollutants. However, V. tricolor rather than C. comosum succeeded to adjust carbon allocation from shoots to roots. Fluorescein diacetate hydrolase and polyphenoloxidase were more active in the V. tricolor rhizosphere than those in the C. comosum rhizosphere. Contrarily, activities of invertase and alkaline phosphatase were much higher in the rhizosphere of C. comosum. In the V. tricolor rhizosphere, microbial community was dominated by 15:0, i15:0, cy17:0, 16:1v5c, and 18:1v5c indicators. However, 18:1v7c, 18:0, 10Me18:0, i13:0 and a14:0 were predominant in the rhizosphere of C. comosum. These results provide valuable information for us to understand the mechanism of phytoremediation.

“…Soil microorganism activity was determined to speculate the phytoremediation efficiency. P. indica has been reported to inhibit the phytopathogens such as Fusarium graminirum infection to barley plant (Deshmukh et al 2007;Zhang et al 2012). Thereby it is reasonable to explain that because of the presence of P. indica, the microorganism activity in rhizosphere was lower than that in non-rhizosphere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Phytoremediation effect of Medicago sativa colonized by Piriformospora indica in the phenanthrene and cadmium co-contaminated soil

Li¹,

Zhu

et al. 2019

Preprint

Background:Coexistence of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals deleteriously threatens the quality of environmental health. Few reports uncover the mechanism of inoculation plants with Piriformospora indica for remediating PAH-metal co-contaminated soil by analyzing the chemical speciations of contaminants. This study investigated the influence of inoculation Medicago sativa with Piriformospora indica to remediate phenanthrene (kind of PAHs), and cadmium (one of heavy metals) co-contaminated soil by analyzing the plant growth, physiological parameters and chemical speciation in rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil. Results:The presence of P. indica significantly increased plants tolerance, Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, maximum quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry and electron transport rate values in phenanthrene and/or cadmium contaminated soil. P. indica inoculation in M. sativa root increased fluorescein diacetate activities in phenanthrene, cadmium and both of that co-contaminated soil, especially in non-rhezospheric soil. The presence of phenanthrene hindered the inoculated plant from accumulating cadmium to some extent; Whereas the presence of cadmium did not hinder the degradation of phenanthrene in both rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil after P. indica colonization. Although the poor bioavailability of cadmium in rhizospheric soil restricted the transportation into stem, P. indica colonization in plant efficiently increased cadmium accumulation in root in cadmium and phenanthrene co-contaminated soil. Conclusions: In conclusion, the work provides the theoretical basis that Piriformospora indica combined with Medicago sativa contributed to the remediation of PAH-Metal co-contaminated soil.