Respons pertumbuhan bibit kopi arabika dan sifat kimia media tanam terhadap pemberian pupuk hayati dan pupuk organik

Abstract

Using soil planting media with low fertility can inhibit seedling growth. Bbiofertilizer and organic fertilizer applications in plantation nurseries aim to improve the planting media quality and stimulate seedling growth. The effectiveness of biofertilizers is thought to be influenced by the carrier formula and the planting medium characteristics. This study aimed to determine the effect of biofertilizer formulas and organic fertilizer doses on the growth of Arabica coffee seedlings and the planting media chemical properties. The experiment used a randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was biofertilizer formula types, namely without biofertilizers, 10 g polybag-1 solid biofertilizer, and 10 ml polybag-1 liquid biofertilizer. The second factor was sheep manure dosage (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%). The results showed that the solid biofertilizers significantly increased seed vigor (height, stem diameter, and number of leaves) of coffee seedlings aged 6 MAP (months after planting). The dose of 6% manure produced the highest leaf dry weight of coffee seedlings aged 6 MAP. Increasing the dose of manure from 2% to 8% could significantly increase the pH, organic C content, P-available, CEC, exchangeable pottasium, exchangeable calsium, and exchangeable magnesium of the planting medium. The application of solid biofertilizer formula and manure can support the production of good-quality Arabica coffee seedlings.ABSTRAKPenggunaan media tanam tanah dengan kualitas kesuburan yang rendah dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bibit. Aplikasi pupuk hayati dan pupuk organik pada pembibitan tanaman perkebunan bertujuan untuk memperbaiki kualitas media tanam dan memacu pertumbuhan bibit lebih optimal. Keefektifan pupuk hayati diduga dipengaruhi oleh formula bahan pembawa dan karakteristik media tanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh formula pupuk hayati dan dosis pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kopi arabika dan sifat kimia media tanam. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama terdiri dari formula pupuk hayati yaitu tanpa pupuk hayati, pupuk hayati padat 10 g polybag-1, pupuk hayati cair 10 ml polybag-1. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk kandang domba (2%, 4%, 6%, dan 8%). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk hayati padat secara nyata dapat meningkatkan vigor bibit (tinggi, diameter batang, dan jumlah daun) bibit kopi umur 6 BST (bulan setelah tanam). Dosis pupuk kandang 6% menghasilkan bobot kering daun bibit kopi umur 6 BST yang paling tinggi. Peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang 2% menjadi 8% dapat meningkatkan secara nyata pH, kadar C organik, P tersedia, KTK, K-dd, Ca-dd, dan Mg-dd media tanam. Aplikasi formula pupuk hayati padat dan pupuk kandang dapat menunjang produksi bibit kopi arabika yang berkualitas baik.