Respon Serapan Hara Makro-Mikro dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) Terhadap Pemupukan Nitrogen dan Praktik Olah Tanah Jangka Panjang

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemupukan N dan sistem olah tanah jangka panjang tahun ke-29 terhadap serapan hara makro-mikro dan produksi tanaman jagung. Penelitian jangka panjang yang dimulai sejak 1987 ini dilakukan di Politeknik Negeri Lampung pada Oktober 2016 - Januari 2017. Percobaan faktorial disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan empat ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah pemupukan N dengan dosis 0 (N0) dan 200 kg N ha-1(N2), sedangkan faktor kedua adalah sistem olah tanah yaitu olah tanah intensif (T2), olah tanah minimum (T1) dan tanpa olah tanah (T0). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan N2 meningkatkan serapan hara makro dan mikro lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa pemupukan N, sedangkan praktik olah tanah tidak berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan serapan hara, kecuali B. Interaksi N2 dan T1 menghasilkan produksi jagung dan serapan hara S lebih tinggi dibandingkan interaksi N2 dengan T2 (p<0,05), namun sama dengan interaksi N2 dan T0. Praktik olah tanah minimum jangka panjang menghasilkan efisiensi serapan nitrogen (ESN) lebih tinggi dibandingkan T0 dan T2 yaitu sebesar 16,28%. Sementara nilai Relative Agronomic Effectivenes (RAE) N2 dan perlakuan sistem olah tanah jangka panjang menghasilkan nilai RAE berturut-turut sebesar 3,50; 9,50 dan 19,5 kg pipilan jagung per 1 kg pupuk N pada T2, T1 dan T0.

Bio-organo mineral effect on soil fertility, nutrient uptake, and sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata) growth planted in inceptisols soils

“…This is caused the organomineral fertilizers with organic and biological additions showed superior results than the single fertilizers in increasing N, P, K, Ca, so that it is easily available to plants compared to the fertilizers that are easily leached from single fertilizer (Ipinmoroti, Adeoye and Iremiren, 2007). Agsari et al (2020) stated that the application of fertilizers containing N elements is not only a source of N nutrients for plants, but it can play a role in releasing ions in the soil. Soil has bound minerals which when released can become available nutrients for plants.…”

Improvement of Some Soil Chemical Properties on Marginal Lands to Increase Corn Production Through Conservation Tillage Techniques and Organic Fertilizers

“…In the T4 treatment with 75% organic matter, the K content was higher than the other treatments. Element K in the soil decomposes slowly, so that the residue of element K can be greater in the soil (Nurahmi, 2010 in (Agsari et al, 2020)).…”

Dynamics of Soil Carbon and N, P, K Nutrients on Corn Planting Pattern in Dry Land

“…In addition, the habit of dry land farmers transporting collected and carried the crop residues (straw) out of the land is a contributing factor to the reduced reserves and supply of soil organic matter. Burning of plant debris or straw and litter was also a condition that accelerated the loss of organic carbon from the soil system.The rotation pattern with legume ground covers during the fallow period also significantly increased the N, P, and K nutrients in the soil and increased the efficiency of those agronomic nutrients.Those were due to the role of carbon contributed by the legume biomass which had undergone decomposition into humus colloid.The presence of humus colloids in the soil help the process of nutrient mineralization in the soil, becoming nutrients that easily available to plants in the form of ions (Stevenson) Agsary et al, (2020),. stated that the substitution of organic fertilizers and biological fertilizers increase the efficiency of macro and micronutrient uptake in, due to an increase in physical fertility and the role of soil biology.…”