Respiratory virus detection during hospitalisation for lower respiratory tract infection in children under 2 years in South Auckland, New Zealand

Trenholme, Adrian; Best, Emma; Vogel, Alison; Stewart, Joanna; Miller, Charissa; Lennon, Diana

doi:10.1111/jpc.13529

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Consistent with previous reports in the Southern Hemisphere RSV peaked in this pediatric population in early winter. 4,22 Interestingly, we found a similar pattern for detection of HCoV. It has recently been reported in China that while overall HCoV infection is most prevalent in winter, HCoV subtypes display different epidemic patterns.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Viruses associated with acute respiratory infection in a community‐based cohort of healthy New Zealand children

Walker

Stelzer-Braid

Shorter

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Virology

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Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are a major cause of morbidity among children.Respiratory viruses are commonly detected in both symptomatic and asymptomatic periods. The rates of infection and community epidemiology of respiratory viruses in healthy children needs further definition to assist interpretation of molecular diagnostic assays in this population. Children otherwise healthy aged 1 to 8 years were prospectively enrolled in the study during two consecutive winters, when ARIs peak in New Zealand.Parents completed a daily symptom diary for 8 weeks, during which time they collected a nasal swab from the child for each clinical ARI episode. A further nasal swab was collected by research staff during a clinic visit at the conclusion of the study. All samples were tested for 15 respiratory viruses commonly causing ARI using molecular multiplex polymerase chain reaction assays. There were 575 ARIs identified from 301 children completing the study, at a rate of 1.04 per child-month. Swabs collected during an ARI were positive for a respiratory virus in 76.8% (307 of 400), compared with 37.3% (79 of 212) of swabs collected during asymptomatic periods. The most common viruses detected were human rhinovirus, coronavirus, parainfluenza viruses, influenzavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and human metapneumovirus. All of these were significantly more likely to be detected during ARIs than asymptomatic periods. Parent-administered surveillance is a useful mechanism for understanding infectious disease in healthy children in the community.Interpretation of molecular diagnostic assays for viruses must be informed by understanding of local rates of asymptomatic infection by such viruses. K E Y W O R D S asymptomatic infection, epidemiology, pediatric, respiratory virus, surveillance

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Viruses associated with acute respiratory infection in a community‐based cohort of healthy New Zealand children

Walker

Stelzer-Braid

Shorter

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Similar to other studies [5, 14, 31], RSV was the most common cause of ALRI in our seasonal study accounting for almost half of the hospitalisations, and caused more severe disease in the youngest children. We show hospitalised children <5 months to be at the greatest risk of severe disease outcomes due to RSV, and that this risk decreased rapidly with age in months.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The greatest burden of ALRI exists in low-and-middle income countries; but ALRIs are also a significant health issue in high-income countries [1, 6]. Of children hospitalised with ALRI in high-income countries, 5–20% develop very severe disease necessitating intensive care unit admission (ICU) or a prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS) [5, 7–9]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive effects of age and respiratory virus on severe lower respiratory infection

et al. 2018

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We investigated risk factors for severe acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) among hospitalised children 8 months were at greater risk from influenza-associated ICU admissions and long hospital stay. Children with ADV had increased LOS across all ages. In the first 2 years of life, the effects of different viruses on ALRI severity varies with age. Our findings help to identify specific ages that would most benefit from virus-specific interventions such as vaccines and antivirals.

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“…When looking at the primary outcome of duration of respiratory support via any mode, there was no difference between the two groups with a median duration of respiratory [1][2][3][4] in the more than one virus group (p ¼ 0.06). The median duration of hospital LOS was 4 days (IQR: 3-6) in the one virus group and 5 days (IQR: [4][5][6][7][8][9] in the more than one virus group (p ¼ 0.03).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…1,7 The clinical significance of coinfection remains controversial. 8,9 Some studies argue that multiple virus infections cause a more severe course of illness with more frequent admissions to PICU, longer hospital length of stay (LOS), and the need for more intensive respiratory support. 1,8,10 Other studies suggest that infec-tion with more than one virus produces a course of illness that is no different, or even less severe, to that of infections with only one virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Support during Bronchiolitis Due to One Virus versus More Than One Virus: An Observational Study

Coleman

Taylor

Crothall

et al. 2019

J Pediatr Intensive Care

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Bronchiolitis is common during infancy and frequently leads to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. This study aimed to determine if there is a difference in the duration of respiratory support when bronchiolitis is due to one virus or more than one virus. This is a retrospective, observational study of cases admitted to PICU with confirmed bronchiolitis. There were 306 cases analyzed, 70% (215/306) were infected by a single virus and 30% (91/306) were infected with more than one virus. Both groups had similar duration of respiratory support and PICU length of stay (LOS). Hospital LOS was longer for the group with more than one virus.

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Respiratory virus detection during hospitalisation for lower respiratory tract infection in children under 2 years in South Auckland, New Zealand

Abstract: In this disadvantaged predominately Maori and Pacific population, picornavirus is commonly found as a sole virus, respiratory syncytial virus is frequent but immunisation preventable influenza is infrequent. We did not find that co-detection of viruses was linked to severity.

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Viruses associated with acute respiratory infection in a community‐based cohort of healthy New Zealand children

Viruses associated with acute respiratory infection in a community‐based cohort of healthy New Zealand children

Interactive effects of age and respiratory virus on severe lower respiratory infection

Respiratory Support during Bronchiolitis Due to One Virus versus More Than One Virus: An Observational Study

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