Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children with medical complexity

Lim, Audrey; Butt, Michelle; Dix, J; Elliott, LouAnn; Paes, Bosco

doi:10.1007/s10096-018-3409-1

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Treatment for RSV‐associated LRTI was mainly depend on clinical presentation. Even though desaturation was found in only 28.5% of cases at initial presentation, oxygen therapy was being use in all cases for respiratory support and to decrease work of breathing similar to other study in children with medical complexity that required oxygen during illness 29 . In our study, bronchodilator nebulizer and antibiotics were used which might not be useful and was not recommended by AAP guideline 7 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…of cases at initial presentation, oxygen therapy was being use in all cases for respiratory support and to decrease work of breathing similar to other study in children with medical complexity that required oxygen during illness. 29 In our study, bronchodilator nebulizer and antibiotics were used which might not be useful and was not recommended by AAP guideline. 7 Even without initial wheezing, wheezing might develop later during hospital stay and might improve since most of salbutamol nebulizer was being continuously used more than 1 day.…”

Section: Hospital-acquired Rsv-associated Lrtimentioning

confidence: 90%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Risk factors of severe hospitalized respiratory syncytial virus infection in tertiary care center in Thailand

Aikphaibul

Theerawit

Sophonphan

et al. 2020

Influenza Resp Viruses

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Hospital-acquired Rsv-associated Lrtimentioning

confidence: 90%

Risk factors of severe hospitalized respiratory syncytial virus infection in tertiary care center in Thailand

Aikphaibul

Theerawit

Sophonphan

et al. 2020

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…Complex medical comorbidities, such as chronic lung disease due to prematurity and congenital heart disease, are known risk factors for hospitalization due to RSV infection [ 25 , 26 ]. In our cohort, we did not find any difference in these comorbidities between RSV and FLU patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic utilization in hospitalized children under 2 years of age with influenza or respiratory syncytial virus infection – a comparative, retrospective analysis

et al. 2020

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Background Infections due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Influenza virus (FLU) are leading causes of hospitalization in young children. Yet, there is little data on factors associated with antibiotic use in these patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective, single-center study of all patients below 2 years of age hospitalized between 2014 and 2018. We compared children with RSV infection to children with FLU infection analyzing clinical characteristics and factors contributing to an increased rate of antimicrobial utilization. Results RSV infection was diagnosed in 476/573 (83.1%), FLU in 95/573 (16.6%), and RSV-FLU-co-infection in 2/573 (0.3%) patients. Median age was lower for RSV compared to FLU (4 vs. 12 months; p < 0.0001). Children with RSV had longer hospitalization (5 vs. 4 days; p = 0.0023) and needed oxygen more frequently (314/476 vs. 23/95; p < 0.0001) than FLU patients. There was no significant difference in the overall antibiotic utilization between RSV and FLU patients (136/476 vs. 21/95; p = 0.2107). Logistic regression analyses revealed that septic appearance on admission (odds ratio [OR] 8.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5–54.1), acute otitis media (OR 4.5, 95% CI 2.1–9.4), a longer oxygen therapy (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.13–1.74) and a higher C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.5–2.0) were significantly associated with antibiotic use in both groups, but not age or pneumonia. Conclusions In our cohort, the rate of antibiotic utilization was comparable between RSV and FLU patients, while for both groups distinct clinical presentation and a high CRP value were associated with higher antibiotic use.

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“…Fifty-one and 60% of the included controls and cases, respectively, required hospitalization, consistent with the fact that the study was carried out with high-risk children. 19 , 20 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fifty-one and 60% of the included controls and cases, respectively, required hospitalization, consistent with the fact that the study was carried out with high-risk children. 19,20 RSV infection is a frequent condition and this study was carried out including high-risk children. Thus, despite the high effectiveness and compliance of prophylactic palivizumab immunization, in a large number of cases (n = 20) immunization failed to prevent RSV disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of palivizumab in preventing respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk children

Viguria

Navascués

Juanbeltz

et al. 2021

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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To date, there is no consensus regarding palivizumab prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus infection. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of palivizumab prophylaxis to prevent respiratory syncytial virus-related infection consultations and hospitalizations in high-risk children <2 y. We studied children <2 y of age with risk factors who had indication of palivizumab prophylaxis over eight epidemic seasons (2011–2012 to 2018–2019) in Navarra, Spain. Children positives for respiratory syncytial virus by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction were compared to negative testers. Palivizumab was indicated in 1,214 children <2 y of age with risk factors during 2011–2012 to 2018–2019 seasons. A total of 142 high-risk children tested for respiratory syncytial virus were included in the study. From the 35 respiratory syncytial virus-positive confirmed cases, 20 (57%) had received palivizumab versus 82 (77%) from the 107 negative controls. The effectiveness of prophylactic palivizumab was 70% (95% CI, 19%-90%) in preventing confirmed clinical infection and 82% (95% CI, 29%-96%) in preventing hospitalized cases. Our results show that palivizumab is notably effective for preventing laboratory-confirmed cases of respiratory syncytial virus and hospitalization in high-risk children <2 y of age. For children who have received palivizumab, the risk of getting sick remains high; thus, other preventive measures are necessary.

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children with medical complexity

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Risk factors of severe hospitalized respiratory syncytial virus infection in tertiary care center in Thailand

Risk factors of severe hospitalized respiratory syncytial virus infection in tertiary care center in Thailand

Antibiotic utilization in hospitalized children under 2 years of age with influenza or respiratory syncytial virus infection – a comparative, retrospective analysis

Effectiveness of palivizumab in preventing respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk children

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