Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prophylaxis in Special Populations

Paes, B; Li, A; Lanctôt, KL; Mitchell, Ian

doi:10.1093/pch/15.suppl_a.36ab

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…All of the 18 RSV-related deaths had underlying medical illnesses [48]. This contrasts with our study where 70.2% (n=127/181) of the infants had no previous medical conditions (Table 2) because the proportion of infants across Canada receiving RSV prophylaxis in this category has increased two-fold from 2006 (5.6%) to 2009 (12.2%) [31].…”

Section: Comparison Of Young and Older Children With Rsvcontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…This may in part be due to active community education programmes on the prevention of RSV, but there has been a concomitant overall decrease in RSV hospitalizations across the high-risk groups of infants in our annual surveillance with the rising use of RSV prophylaxis in patients with medical illnesses and those who meet defined eligibility criteria [31,42]. Based on national and provincial guidelines, 88% of the admissions to PICU in our study would not have qualified for RSV prophylaxis.…”

Section: Comparison Of Young and Older Children With Rsvmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The impact of prophylaxis on paediatric intensive care unit admissions for RSV infection: a retrospective, single-centre study

et al. 2010

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections and hospitalizations in children aged < 2 years. The aim of this retrospective, single-centre study was to examine the characteristics of patients admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with RSV infection following the implementation of a RSV prophylaxis programme. Electronic hospital medical records of all PICU admissions for RSV infection were searched from 2003 to 2009. Data on baseline demographics, underlying disease, criteria for hospitalization, respiratory diagnosis and management, complications and palivizumab prophylaxis were collected. A total of 181 patients were admitted with RSV infection, accounting for 5.7% of all admissions. Eighty-four percent were ≤ 2 years of age. Majority (70.2%) had no underlying medical illness, and 79.6% received antibiotics as part of their medical treatment. Comparison of children aged ≤ 2 years and those >2 years revealed that fewer of the younger cohort (20.4% versus 79.3%; p < 0.001) had an underlying medical condition. RSV infection occurred in 3.3% (n = 6) children who had received palivizumab prophylaxis, and there were two deaths. The results indicate that > 88% of all PICU admissions would not qualify for RSV prophylaxis under our established guidelines and 66% of the children aged ≤ 2 years were > 36 weeks gestation and are not currently targeted for prophylaxis. The number of high-risk infants admitted to PICU with RSV infection has likely plateaued, and further reductions in admission rates may only be realised with the use of universal, vaccine immunization programmes.

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Section: Comparison Of Young and Older Children With Rsvcontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Comparison Of Young and Older Children With Rsvmentioning

confidence: 97%