Respiratory syncytial virus infection and immunoprophylaxis for selected high‐risk children in Central Australia

Bolisetty, Srinivas; Wheaton, Gavin; Chang, Anne B.

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1584.2005.00715.x

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Similar to previously smaller Australian studies, indigenous background is found to be an independent risk factor for both respiratory and RSV‐rehospitalisations. Reasons for this may be multi‐factorial involving lower birth weight, poor nutrition, greater exposure to cigarette smoke or socioeconomic conditions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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A population study of respiratory rehospitalisation in very preterm infants in the first 3 years of life

Hong

Bolisetty

Bajuk

et al. 2016

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Most previous studies reported rehospitalisation in relatively small cohorts for periods of 1 to 2 years . Examining data from large population over longer time periods are important to more accurately assess the burden of healthcare utilisation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A population study of respiratory rehospitalisation in very preterm infants in the first 3 years of life

Hong

Bolisetty

Bajuk

et al. 2016

J Paediatrics Child Health

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“…Models can also determine the optimum timing of interventions and the proportion of the population that need to be vaccinated in order to reach the herd immunity threshold. There is currently no licenced vaccine for RSV, but immunoprophylaxis with RSV-specific monoclonal antibodies is effective in reducing RSV-related severe disease [10]. Furthermore, an attenuated intranasal RSV/parainfluenza virus type 3 vaccine (MEDI-534) and a live attenuated intranasal RSV vaccine (MEDI-559) have recently undergone Phase 1 clinical trials in infants and young children [11], [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Seasonal Epidemics of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Young Children

et al. 2014

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BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of paediatric morbidity. Mathematical models can be used to characterise annual RSV seasonal epidemics and are a valuable tool to assess the impact of future vaccines.ObjectivesConstruct a mathematical model of seasonal epidemics of RSV and by fitting to a population-level RSV dataset, obtain a better understanding of RSV transmission dynamics.MethodsWe obtained an extensive dataset of weekly RSV testing data in children aged less than 2 years, 2000–2005, for a birth cohort of 245,249 children through linkage of laboratory and birth record datasets. We constructed a seasonally forced compartmental age-structured Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered-Susceptible (SEIRS) mathematical model to fit to the seasonal curves of positive RSV detections using the Nelder-Mead method.ResultsFrom 15,830 specimens, 3,394 were positive for RSV. RSV detections exhibited a distinct biennial seasonal pattern with alternating sized peaks in winter months. Our SEIRS model accurately mimicked the observed data with alternating sized peaks using disease parameter values that remained constant across the 6 years of data. Variations in the duration of immunity and recovery periods were explored. The best fit to the data minimising the residual sum of errors was a model using estimates based on previous models in the literature for the infectious period and a slightly lower estimate for the immunity period.ConclusionsOur age-structured model based on routinely collected population laboratory data accurately captures the observed seasonal epidemic curves. The compartmental SEIRS model, based on several assumptions, now provides a validated base model. Ranges for the disease parameters in the model that could replicate the patterns in the data were identified. Areas for future model developments include fitting climatic variables to the seasonal parameter, allowing parameters to vary according to age and implementing a newborn vaccination program to predict the effect on RSV incidence.

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“…43 Yet epidemiological studies on RSV and bronchiolitis remain limited in Australia. 44 This would be a worthwhile area of investigation, along with the fiscal implications to the Australian health care system for both these conditions.…”

Section: Health Service Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Responders to HFNC showed a reduction of 15-20% in the baseline heart rate on admission, otherwise quantified as a reduction in heart rate of 15 bpm. 6.5 [5][6][7][8] 0.006 [44][45] 0.16…”

Section: Physiological Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the use of high flow nasal cannula therapy for respiratory management in paediatric units

Mayfield¹

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Respiratory syncytial virus infection and immunoprophylaxis for selected high‐risk children in Central Australia

Abstract: The incidence of bronchiolitis in Central Australia is extremely high. The usage of RSV immunoprophylaxis may be justified in selected high-risk children living in high endemic areas.

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

A population study of respiratory rehospitalisation in very preterm infants in the first 3 years of life

A population study of respiratory rehospitalisation in very preterm infants in the first 3 years of life

Modelling the Seasonal Epidemics of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Young Children

Evidence for the use of high flow nasal cannula therapy for respiratory management in paediatric units

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