Respiratory symptoms and ventilatory capacity in swine confinement workers.

Zuśkin, E; Zagar, Z; Schachter, E. Neil; Mustajbegović, Jadranka; Kern, Josipa

doi:10.1136/oem.49.6.435

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Our finding that respiratory symptoms are associated with COPD in never-smoking animal farmers working inside confinement buildings and that moderate/severe disease may be found in these workers is consistent with findings of impaired lung function reported previously in cross-sectional studies performed in pig and poultry farmers [Iversen et al, 1989;Zuskin et al, 1992;Donham et al, 2000]. However, to our knowledge, no analysis of the characteristics and determinants of COPD focused on never-smoking animal farmers has been performed until now.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Animal farming has often been related to wheezing and chronic bronchitis [Zejda et al, 1993;Jorna et al, 1994;Radon et al, 2001a], and an increased prevalence of these respiratory symptoms has been commonly observed when farmers have been compared to non-farming control populations from the same regions [Donham et al, 1984;Dalphin et al, 1998]. In this occupational setting, respiratory disease has been related to indoor air contaminants, such as gases, dusts, aeroallergens, and/or endotoxin [Milton et al, 1990;Cormier et al, 1991;Donham, 1993], and chronic respiratory symptoms have been associated with an excess in FEV 1 decline [Iversen et al, 1989;Zuskin et al, 1992;Schwartz et al, 1995;Vogelzang et al, 1998;Iversen and Dahl, 2000], that may progress to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in never‐smoking animal farmers working inside confinement buildings

Monsó

Riu

Radon³

et al. 2004

American J Industrial Med

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in never‐smoking animal farmers working inside confinement buildings

Monsó

Riu

Radon³

et al. 2004

American J Industrial Med

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“…Various respiratory symptoms have been identi fied among pig farmers in previous studies. For example, a higher prevalence of airway irritation and bronchitis was found in several studies (8,9,12,14,15,17,19,22,23 ), and sometimes a higher pre valence of asthma (1 I, 16) and symptoms of bron chial hyperreactivity (13) were revealed. In the three groups, the mean base-line FVC and FEVl.o were similar to the European reference values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory symptoms and bronchial reactivity among pig and dairy farmers.

Choudat¹,

Goehen²,

Korobaeff³

et al. 1994

Scand J Work Environ Health

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ratory symptoms and bronchial reactivity among pig and dairy farmers. Scand J Work Environ Health 1994;20:48-54. OBJECTI VES -This study assessed the prevalence of respiratory manifestations among French pig and dairy farmers and determined the relationship between bronchial reactivity and respiratory manifestations. METHODS -The pig farmers included 102 men working more than halftime inside swine confinement buildings. There were 51 male dairy farmers and 81 male referents. The demographic characteristics of the three groups were similar except for more smokers among the referents. Each subject completed a standardized questionnaire. Pulmonary function tests were performed before and after a methacholine challenge (cumulative doses 80, 240, and 560 ug), Airborne dust, ammonia, and carbon dioxide were measured inside 28 swine confinement buildings. RESULTS -The pig farmers were exposed to a total dust level of 2.4 I mg . nr-'. The respirable particle concentration was low. The pig and dairy farmers had a significantly higher prevalence of cough and morning phlegm than the referents. Before the methacholine challenge, the dairy farmers had nonsignificantly lower mean lung function values than the other groups. Among the subjects with no history of asthma, nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity was significantly higher among the pig and dairy farmers than among the referents. There was a fall in the forced expiratory volume in I s (FEY, ,) that was greater than 10% in 6.7% of the referents, 17.9% of the swine workers, and 35.6% of the~airy farmers. This result was unchanged after adjustment for the initial FEV] o: CONCLUSIONS -The prevalence of respiratory symptoms was significantly higher among the pig' farmers without base-line lung function impairment. However, both the pig and the dairy farmers had increased bronchial reactivity.Key terms: agricultural workers, epidemiology, occupational airborne exposure.Epidemiol ogic studi es have demonst rated an increased ri sk of respiratory dysfunction am ong farmers (1---4) and, especially, am ong workers in swine co nfinement building s (5-24). Th ese studi es iden-

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“…Declines in lung function have been noted by many, 24-30 including significant cross-shift changes. 24, 26, 28 A dose-dependent decline in FEV 1 was reported with exposures to endotoxin in dust. 25,26 Self-reported respiratory symptoms, such as chronic cough and phlegm, are more prevalent for CAFO workers than for controls, 25, 27, 31-35 with particular note of respiratory symptoms increasing with increased years of work in CAFO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…24, 26, 28 A dose-dependent decline in FEV 1 was reported with exposures to endotoxin in dust. 25,26 Self-reported respiratory symptoms, such as chronic cough and phlegm, are more prevalent for CAFO workers than for controls, 25, 27, 31-35 with particular note of respiratory symptoms increasing with increased years of work in CAFO. 7 Measures of respiratory inflammation using bronchoalveolar lavage, specifically increased lymphocytes and neutrophils, have been identified both in healthy workers exposed to swine dust 36 and in farmers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Use of Recirculating Ventilation With Dust Filtration to Improve Wintertime Air Quality in a Swine Farrowing Room

Anthony

Altmaier

Jones

et al. 2015

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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The performance of a recirculating ventilation system with dust filtration was evaluated to determine its effectiveness to improve the air quality in a swine farrowing room of a concentrated animal feeding operation (CAFO). Air was exhausted from the room (0.47 m3sec−1; 1000 cfm), treated with a filtration unit (Shaker-Dust Collector), and returned to the farrowing room to reduce dust concentrations while retaining heat necessary for livestock health. The air quality in the room was assessed over a winter, during which time limited fresh air is traditionally brought into the building. Over the study period, dust concentrations ranged from 0.005 to 0.31 mg m−3 (respirable) and 0.17 to 2.09 mg m−3 (inhalable). In-room dust concentrations were reduced (41% for respirable and 33% for inhalable) with the system in operation, while gas concentrations (ammonia [NH3], hydrogen sulfide [H2S], carbon monoxide [CO], carbon dioxide [CO2]) were unchanged. The position of the exhaust and return air systems provided reasonably uniform contaminant distributions, although the respirable dust concentrations nearest one of the exhaust ducts was statistically higher than other locations in the room, with differences averaging only 0.05 mg m−3. Throughout the study, CO2 concentrations consistently exceeded 1540 ppm (industry recommendations) and on eight of the 18 study days it exceeded 2500 ppm (50% of the ACGIH TLV), with significantly higher concentrations near a door to a temperature-controlled hallway that was typically often left open. Alternative heaters are recommended to reduce CO2 concentrations in the room. Contaminant concentrations were modeled using production and environmental factors, with NH3 related to the number of sow in the room and outdoor temperatures and CO2 related to the number of piglets and outdoor temperatures. The recirculating ventilation system provided dust reduction without increasing concentrations of hazardous gases.

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Respiratory symptoms and ventilatory capacity in swine confinement workers.

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in never‐smoking animal farmers working inside confinement buildings

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in never‐smoking animal farmers working inside confinement buildings

Respiratory symptoms and bronchial reactivity among pig and dairy farmers.

Use of Recirculating Ventilation With Dust Filtration to Improve Wintertime Air Quality in a Swine Farrowing Room

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