Respiratory rhythms of the predictive mind.

Allen, Micah; Varga, Somogy; Heck, Detlef

doi:10.1037/rev0000391

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“… Perl et al, 2019 showed the alignment of self-initiated cognitive tests with the beginning of the inspiratory phase, and recent work by Kluger et al, 2021 has shown respiration-locked performance in a near-threshold spatial detection task. In this context, Allen et al, 2022 have proposed a predictive coding interpretation of respiratory cycle effects where breathing rhythmically modulates neural gain, which in turn optimizes cognitive and affective processing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active tactile discrimination is coupled with and modulated by the cardiac cycle

Galvez-Pol

Virdee

Villacampa

et al. 2022

eLife

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Perception and cognition are modulated by the phase of the cardiac signal in which the stimuli are presented. This has been shown by locking the presentation of stimuli to distinct cardiac phases. However, in everyday life sensory information is not presented in this passive and phase-locked manner, instead we actively move and control our sensors to perceive the world. Whether active sensing is coupled and modulated with the cardiac cycle remains largely unknown. Here we recorded the electrocardiograms of human participants while they actively performed a tactile grating orientation task. We show that the duration of subjects' touch varied as a function of the cardiac phase in which they initiated it. Touches initiated in the systole phase were held for longer periods of time than touches initiated in the diastole phase. This effect was most pronounced when elongating the duration of the touches to sense the most difficult gratings. Conversely, while touches in the control condition were coupled to the cardiac cycle, their length did not vary as a function of the phase in which these were initiated. Our results reveal that we actively spend more time sensing during systole periods, the cardiac phase associated with lower perceptual sensitivity (vs. diastole). In line with interoceptive inference accounts, these results indicate that we actively adjust the acquisition of sense data to our internal bodily cycles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active tactile discrimination is coupled with and modulated by the cardiac cycle

Galvez-Pol

Virdee

Villacampa

et al. 2022

eLife

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“…It generates rhythmic activity basically around 0.16 Hz and respiratory oscillations at the same frequency (ratio 1:1) or the double frequency (ratio 1:2). Note, these upwards coupling may www.nature.com/scientificreports/ suggest another possible pathway from the preBötzinger complex in the brainstem to the locus coeruleus and, moreover, via the medial thalamus and the olfactory bulb to the PFC and the limbic system 37,38 . Table 1 exhibits slow RRI waves (PD = 6.7 s + − 0.21) of various appearance between 2% and 54% in all subjects with high anxiety.…”

Section: Breathing Oscillations At ~ 032 Hz and Top-down Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiration-entrained brain oscillations in healthy fMRI participants with high anxiety

Pfurtscheller

Kamiński

Blinowska

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Brain-body interactions can be studied by using directed coupling measurements of fMRI oscillations in the low (0.1–0.2 Hz) and high frequency bands (HF; 0.2–0.4 Hz). Recently, a preponderance of oscillations in the information flow between the brainstem and the prefrontal cortex at around 0.15/0.16 Hz was shown. The goal of this study was to investigate the information flow between BOLD-, respiratory-, and heart beat-to-beat interval (RRI) signals in the HF band in healthy subjects with high anxiety during fMRI examinations. A multivariate autoregressive model was concurrently applied to the BOLD signals from the middle frontal gyrus (MFG), precentral gyrus and the brainstem, as well as to respiratory and RRI signals. Causal coupling between all signals was determined using the Directed Transfer Function (DTF). We found a salience of fast respiratory waves with a period of 3.1 s (corresponding to ~ 0.32 Hz) and a highly significant (p < 0.001) top-down information-flow from BOLD oscillations in the MFG to the brainstem. Additionally, there was a significant (p < 0.01) information flow from RRI to respiratory oscillations. We speculate that brain oscillations around 0.32 Hz, triggered by nasal breathing, are projected downwards to the brainstem. Particularly interesting is the driving force of cardiac to respiratory waves with a ratio of 1:1 or 1:2. These results support the binary hierarchy model with preferred respiratory frequencies at 0.32 Hz and 0.16 Hz.

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“…Evidence has demonstrated that neural responses to heartbeats contribute to visual 14 , somatosensory 15 , auditory 16,17 , and self-perception [18][19][20] . Further, recent evidence has suggested that breathing is aligned with the perception of sensory inputs 21,22 , suggesting that it is involved in perceptual sensitivity modulation and, possibly, shaping neural dynamics 23,24 .…”

Section: Confounding Effects Of Heart Rate Breathing Rate and Frontal...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Confounding effects of heart rate, breathing rate, and frontal fNIRS on interoception

Candia-Rivera

Sappia

Horschig³

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Recent studies have established that cardiac and respiratory phases can modulate perception and related neural dynamics. While heart rate and respiratory sinus arrhythmia possibly affect interoception biomarkers, such as heartbeat-evoked potentials, the relative changes in heart rate and cardiorespiratory dynamics in interoceptive processes have not yet been investigated. In this study, we investigated the variation in heart and breathing rates, as well as higher functional dynamics including cardiorespiratory correlation and frontal hemodynamics measured with fNIRS, during a heartbeat counting task. To further investigate the functional physiology linked to changes in vagal activity caused by specific breathing rates, we performed the heartbeat counting task together with a controlled breathing rate task. The results demonstrate that focusing on heartbeats decreases breathing and heart rates in comparison, which may be part of the physiological mechanisms related to “listening” to the heart, the focus of attention, and self-awareness. Focusing on heartbeats was also observed to increase frontal connectivity, supporting the role of frontal structures in the neural monitoring of visceral inputs. However, cardiorespiratory correlation is affected by both heartbeats counting and controlled breathing tasks. Based on these results, we concluded that variations in heart and breathing rates are confounding factors in the assessment of interoceptive abilities and relative fluctuations in breathing and heart rates should be considered to be a mode of covariate measurement of interoceptive processes.

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Respiratory rhythms of the predictive mind.

Cited by 50 publications

References 152 publications

Active tactile discrimination is coupled with and modulated by the cardiac cycle

Active tactile discrimination is coupled with and modulated by the cardiac cycle

Respiration-entrained brain oscillations in healthy fMRI participants with high anxiety

Confounding effects of heart rate, breathing rate, and frontal fNIRS on interoception

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