Respiratory-Related Hospitalizations following Prophylaxis in the Canadian Registry for Palivizumab (2005–2012) Compared to Other International Registries

Paes, Bosco; Mitchell, Ian; Li, Abby; Harimoto, Tetsuhiro; Lanctôt, Krista L.

doi:10.1155/2013/917068

Cited by 37 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The number of immunized children constituted 0.5 % of the total number of children born alive at the UCH Mostar during the study period (approximately 14400). The results of research conducted in Canada over a 7-year period indicate that 10.6 % of patients immunized with palivizumab had CHD [14], which is a significantly smaller percentage of children with CHD in relation to our research. The immunization was administered in the neonatal dispensary, and the parents were informed of the event a few days earlier, which is, in part, an inappropriate way of offering services to children and their parents.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Palivizumab: The Effects of Prophylactic Immunization on the Occurrence of Infections Caused by the Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Raguž¹,

Brzica²,

Grgić

2017

Klin Padiatr

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The aim of this research is to analyze the characteristics of children immunized during immunization season, and their readmission to hospital due to infections of the respiratory tract in the period from 2008 to 2016. The retrospective cohort study included 101 children. The test group consists of infants who met the strict criteria for immunization. The national guidance was determined on the basis of earlier research and recommendations by the AAP. All the children who had been readmitted for hospitalization were quickly tested for RSV. Of this total, 47 children were preterm children (46.5%), 43 (42.5%) were children with CHD, and 11 (11%) exhibited other individual risk factors (gestational age 33-34 weeks, neurological disorders, respiratory anomalies, multi-organ anomalies). 25 (24%) patients of the immunized study population readmitted the ward due to respiratory infections. Of these, 50% were under the age of 6 months and were treated for less than a week on average. Upon readmission, a quick test to diagnose for RSV infections was conducted, which was negative for all of the previously immunized children. Palivizumab represents an effective prevention to avoid RSV infections, that significantly contributes to mortality for children at risk, especially in developing countries.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Palivizumab: The Effects of Prophylactic Immunization on the Occurrence of Infections Caused by the Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Raguž¹,

Brzica²,

Grgić

2017

Klin Padiatr

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“…The prevalence of HS-CHD (22.6%) and of NMA/CAA (11.3%) were high in the present study compared with previous studies, while that of prematurity (gestational age <35 weeks, 8.1%) and of CLD (11.3%) were relatively low. 5,6,[19][20][21][22] These observations might be due to differences in PZ prophylaxis according to risk factors in different countries. [23][24][25] In a retrospective study of RSV-related re-admissions of preterm infants (gestational age <34 weeks) in South Korea, Lee et al reported that 47.5% of 1,140 preterm infants received PZ prophylaxis, including 89.3% of those with CLD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric intensive care unit admission due to respiratory syncytial virus: Retrospective multicenter study

Kang

Lee

Kim

et al. 2019

Pediatrics International

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Background We investigated the characteristics and clinical outcomes of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)‐related pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) hospitalization and assessed the palivizumab (PZ) prophylaxis eligibility according to different guidelines from Korea, EU, and USA. Methods In this multicenter study, children <18 years of age hospitalized in six PICU from different hospitals due to severe RSV infection between September 2008 and March 2013 were included. A retrospective chart review was performed. Results A total of 92 patients were identified. The median length of PICU stay was 6 days (range, 1–154 days) and median PICU care cost was USD2,741 (range, USD556–98 243). Of 62 patients who were <2 years old at the beginning of the RSV season, 33 (53.2%) were high‐risk patients for severe RSV infection. Hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (22.6%) was the most common risk factor, followed by chronic lung disease (11.3%), neuromuscular disease or congenital abnormality of the airway (NMD/CAA) (11.3%), and prematurity (8.1%). The percentage of patients eligible for PZ prophylaxis ranged from 38.7% to 48.4% based on the guidelines, but only two (2.2%) received PZ ≤30 days prior to PICU admission. The median duration of mechanical ventilation was longer in children with NDM/CAA than in those without risk factors (26 days; range, 24–139 days vs 6 days, range, 2–68 days, P = 0.033). RSV‐attributable mortality was 5.4%. Conclusions Children <2 years old with already well‐known high risks represent a significant proportion of RSV‐related PICU admissions. Increasing of the compliance for PZ prophylaxis practice among physicians is needed. Further studies are needed to investigate the burden of RSV infection in patients hospitalized in PICU, including children with NMD/CAA.

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“…Palivizumab-treated children with DS (n = 532) were selected from the Canadian RSV Evaluation Study of Palivizumab (CARESS [27][28][29] Children enrolled in the registry have received $1 dose of palivizumab and are followed for the respective annual RSV season. For this analysis, subjects were selected based on the documented presence of DS.…”

Section: Treatment Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prophylaxis in Down Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Study

Lanctôt

Bont

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

Self Cite

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Children with Down syndrome (DS) are at significant risk for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and related hospitalization. We compared hospitalization rates due to respiratory tract infection in children with DS aged <2 years who prospectively received palivizumab during the RSV season with a previously published, similar untreated DS birth cohort. METHODS: A total of 532 children with DS who prospectively received palivizumab were assembled from the prospective Canadian RSV Evaluation Study of Palivizumab registry between 2005 and 2012. The untreated group included 233 children with DS derived from a nationwide Dutch birth cohort from 2003 to 2005. Events during the RSV seasons were counted. Poisson regression analysis was performed to compare incidence rate ratios (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) between groups while controlling for observation length and known risk factors for severe RSV infection. RESULTS: In total, 31 (23 untreated, 8 treated) RSV-related hospitalizations were documented. The adjusted risk of RSV-related hospitalizations was higher in untreated subjects than in palivizumab recipients (incidence rate ratio 3.63; 95% CI, 1.52–8.67). The adjusted risk of hospitalization for all respiratory tract infection (147 events; 73 untreated, 74 treated) was similar (incidence rate ratio untreated versus palivizumab 1.11; 95% CI, 0.80–1.55). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that palivizumab is associated with a 3.6-fold reduction in the incidence rate ratio for RSV-related hospitalization in children with DS during the first 2 years of life. A randomized trial is needed to determine the efficacy of RSV immunoprophylaxis in this specific high-risk patient population.

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Respiratory-Related Hospitalizations following Prophylaxis in the Canadian Registry for Palivizumab (2005–2012) Compared to Other International Registries

Cited by 37 publications

References 55 publications

Palivizumab: The Effects of Prophylactic Immunization on the Occurrence of Infections Caused by the Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Palivizumab: The Effects of Prophylactic Immunization on the Occurrence of Infections Caused by the Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Pediatric intensive care unit admission due to respiratory syncytial virus: Retrospective multicenter study

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prophylaxis in Down Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Study

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