Respiratory infections may reflect deficiencies in host defense mechanisms

Reynolds, Herbert Y.

doi:10.1016/0011-5029(85)90010-0

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…In this review, deficiency of IgG (and especially the subclasses) is emphasized because it affects both upper and lower portions of the respiratory tract and can be a subtle clinical problem. 8,70 Specifically, subclasses IgG2 and IgG4 (often in combination with IgA) are well correlated with upper respiratory tract infections (sinusitis and otitis media) and chronic inflammation that contributes to bronchiectasis.…”

Section: Deficiency Of Igg In the Lungmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoglobulin G and Its Function in the Human Respiratory Tract

Reynolds

1988

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

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Section: Deficiency Of Igg In the Lungmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoglobulin G and Its Function in the Human Respiratory Tract

Reynolds

1988

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

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“…Much of the health risk of tobacco has been associated with the tars and with the generation of nitrosamines in the smoke [15,16], and these compounds are often considered to be mutagens. Recent work has supported the concept that the deleterious effects of smoking may also be due, in part, to its immunosuppressive activity [17,18], such that a generalized down-regulation of immunity may lead to tobacco-related illness. Various studies have analyzed which components of tobacco may be immunosuppressive.…”

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confidence: 97%

In Vitro Therapeutic Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Nicotine‐Induced Impairment of Resistance toLegionella pneumophilaInfection of Established MH‐S Alveolar Macrophages

et al. 2002

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Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), a major form of tea catechins, has a variety of biological activities. Tobacco smoking, nicotine in particular, is one of the risk factors for respiratory infections. In the present study, a possible immunotherapeutic effect of EGCg on the nicotine-induced impairment of alveolar macrophages regarding antimicrobial activity, as well as immune function, was examined. The treatment of MH-S macrophages with nicotine significantly enhanced Legionella pneumophila replication in the cells and selectively down-regulated the production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha induced by infection but did not alter IL-10 production. The EGCg treatment of nicotine-suppressed macrophages reconstituted the resistance to the infection. Furthermore, EGCg diminished the nicotine-induced inhibition of cytokine production. Experiments with TNF-alpha treatment, neutralization of cytokines with antibodies, and analysis of interferon (IFN)-gamma messenger RNA showed that the mechanism of the EGCg-induced recovery of anti-L. pneumophila activity impaired by nicotine may be due to the recovery of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma production by the macrophages.

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“…It has been concluded that vitamin C supplementation may not decrease URTI morbidity, 14 but phytophenols may promote health and diminish URTI. 4,5,[15][16][17][18][19] There are, however, other potential explanations such as supplementation by energy ingredients due to nectar, 12 and among young skiers high URTI morbidity was partly explained by great gap between high training load and low nutritional energy intake. Moreover, the post-exhaustion related open window of immunity may be modulated by phytophenols, while phytophenols like tannins decrease the oxidative damage including lipid peroxidation, 20,21 which might diminish post-exhaustive exercise related low immunity phase.…”

Section: Population Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Berry-Vegetable Nectar May Help to Diminish Hospital Visits and Service Reliefs in Conscripts during the High Risk Period of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Tompuri¹,

Hänninen²

2015

Adv Food Technol Nutr Sci Open J

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Citation ResearchPage 67 ABSTRACTPhytophenols can counteract Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTI) by effecting on the microbes or by promoting immunity. At population level URTI has high economic significance. The aim of the study was to clarify if hospital visits or hospitalization or service reliefs from military service in conscripts could be diminished by phytophenol rich berry-vegetable nectar supplementation during high URTI-risk period. The 6.5 week intervention was carried out during highest URTI-risk at winter. The intervention subjects were predominantly healthy male conscripts (n=188) in a four military companies. Controls were either from same four companies (n=359) or from eleven other companies (n=1597). All conscripts lived in a same garrison within similar environment and had similar exercise program and had similar diet ad libitum. Intervention subjects received three portions of berry-vegetable nectar in a day. Weekly visits at the hospital, service reliefs and days in the hospital per company were recorded. Effect by intervention was analyzed between intervention and control companies by repeated measures analysis of variance. Intervention effect by berry-vegetable nectar was seen as a lower amount of visits at the hospital clinic (p=0.002), and as a lower amount of reliefs from outdoor service (p=0.049), while significant effect on hospitalization or on releases from indoor and outdoor reliefs was not observed. We conclude that nutritional supplementation byphytophenol rich berry-vegetable nectar may diminish hospital visits and reliefs from outdoor service in conscripts during high URTI-risk period.

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Respiratory infections may reflect deficiencies in host defense mechanisms

Cited by 19 publications

References 154 publications

Immunoglobulin G and Its Function in the Human Respiratory Tract

Immunoglobulin G and Its Function in the Human Respiratory Tract

In Vitro Therapeutic Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Nicotine‐Induced Impairment of Resistance toLegionella pneumophilaInfection of Established MH‐S Alveolar Macrophages

Berry-Vegetable Nectar May Help to Diminish Hospital Visits and Service Reliefs in Conscripts during the High Risk Period of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

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