Respiratory health effects of occupational exposure to charcoal dust in Namibia

Hamatui, Ndinomholo; Naidoo, Rajen N.; Kgabi, Nnenesi A.

doi:10.1080/10773525.2016.1214795

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…BC is resistant to chemical transformation (Forbes et al, 2006;Petzold et al, 2013). As a component of fine PM, BC potentially has an adverse effect on human health (Janssen et al, 2011;Hamatui et al, 2016). It can aggravate existing illnesses and increase the morbidity and hospital admissions as well as mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and from lung cancer (Fullerton et al, 2008).…”

Section: The Charcoal Supply Chain In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air Pollution and Climate Forcing of the Charcoal Industry in Africa

Bockarie

Marais

MacKenzie

2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Demand for charcoal in Africa is growing rapidly, driven by urbanization and lack of access to electricity and other reliable and clean off-grid energy. Charcoal production and use, including plastic burning to initiate combustion, release large quantities of trace gases and particles that impact air quality and climate. In this work, past (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014) trends in charcoal production and use in Africa are quantified and the dominant drivers identified to forecast the future (2030) of the industry. An inventory of current (2014) and future (2030) emissions from the charcoal supply chain in Africa has also been developed and implemented in the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model to quantify the contribution of charcoal to surface concentrations of PM2.5 and ozone, and direct radiative forcing due to aerosols and ozone. Charcoal production (and use) increased from 2000 to 2014 in Africa by a factor of 2. In 2014, the charcoal industry required 140-460 Tg fuelwood, depending on efficiency of combustion, to produce charcoal and 260 tonnes plastic for charcoal use to initiate combustion. The variability in wood required is due to variability in combustion efficiency of 9-30% that depends on kiln type and technology. The plastic use is an educated guess in the absence of statistics on its use and is most prevalent in low-income homes. A rough estimate of forest loss suggests that by 2030, 4.4-15 million hectares of forest will be lost in Africa due to charcoal production. By 2030, charcoal production will almost double which will drive a similar increase in emissions from the industry. Charcoal production makes a substantial contribution to CH4 emissions in Africa. These may outcompete CH4 emissions from open fires in West Africa by 2025. As expected, inefficient combustion emissions of CH4, NMVOCs, and CO are predominantly from charcoal production, whereas BC and NOx, signatures of efficient vTABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .

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Section: The Charcoal Supply Chain In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Organic carbon (OC), also called organic aerosol (OA), is a significant fraction of PM throughout the world and so affect human health (Hamatui et al, 2016). Its fraction of the total PM depends on location.…”

Section: The Charcoal Supply Chain In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pollution and Climate Forcing of the Charcoal Industry in Africa

Bockarie

Marais

MacKenzie

2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Smoking behavior is one of the factors that cause respiratory disorders (22). Research in Namibia showed that smoking behavior is associated with adverse effects on lung function (40). It is associated with a decrease in the spirometry index of lung function (41).…”

Section: Meta-analysis Of Smoking Habits In Association With Abnormal...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors of Length of Exposure, Smoking Habits, Use of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE), and Exposure to Welding Fumes in Welding Workers with Abnormal Pulmonary Function (A Perspective of Sustainable Public Health)

Fauziyah

Azizah

Rachmawati

et al. 2022

JKL

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Introduction: About 11 million workers are welders worldwide, and more than 110 million workers are exposed to welding-related jobs. As many as 75.6% of welding workers in Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, suffer from abnormal pulmonary function due to exposure to welding fumes. This study analyzed some risk factors and their sensitivity of abnormal pulmonary function in welding workers. Methods: This study is a meta-analysis article. Data sources were obtained from articles published online on Google Scholar, Science Direct, Pubmed, and Springerfrom 2010 to 2020. A total of 15 articles were selected for meta-analysis using JASP version 0.9.2 software. Results and Discussion: Results showed pooled prevalence ratio (PR) values of long-exposure variables of 1.954 (95% CI = 0.31– 1.03), smoking habits of 2.159 (95% CI = 0.33–1.22), USE of PPE 1.491 (95% CI = -0.50–1.30) and exposure to welding fumes 2.271 (95% CI = 0.52–1.12) in welding workers with abnormal pulmonary function. Conclusion: Exposure to welding fumes and smoking habits are the highest risk factors causing abnormal pulmonary function in welding workers. For workers, it is expected to reduce or stop smoking and always use PPE at work. For industry, control efforts are required by rotating work, conducting periodic worker medical examinations, providing exhaust with blowers in the workspace, and reinforcing the use of PPE at work.

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“…Occupational exposures were another important source of ambient air pollution exposure. Activities included limestone processing in Zambia (Bwalya et al, 2011), exposure to desert dust in West Africa [reviewed by de Longueville et al (2013)], traffic exhaust (DeMarini, 2013), dust and fumes in artisanal mining (Ekosse, 2011), city transit-related air pollution Ekpenyong et al, 2012), stone quarrying industry exposures including deposition of inhaled aerosol particles at an industrial site in Egypt (Furi et al, 2017), sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from platinum group metal (PGM) smelting in Zimbabwe (Gwimbi, 2017), and charcoal processing activities in Namibia, including exposure to charcoal dust (Hamatui et al, 2016). DNA adducts to measure air pollution exposure among urban and suburban residents was also implemented in some studies (Ayi-Fanou et al, 2011).…”

Section: Exposures Measuredmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Health Research in Africa: Important Progress and Promising Opportunities

Joubert

Mantooth²,

McAllister

2020

Front. Genet.

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The World Health Organization in 2016 estimated that over 20% of the global disease burden and deaths were attributed to modifiable environmental factors. However, data clearly characterizing the impact of environmental exposures and health endpoints in African populations is limited. To describe recent progress and identify important research gaps, we reviewed literature on environmental health research in African populations over the last decade, as well as research incorporating both genomic and environmental factors. We queried PubMed for peer-reviewed research articles, reviews, or books examining environmental exposures and health outcomes in human populations in Africa. Searches utilized medical subheading (MeSH) terms for environmental exposure categories listed in the March 2018 US National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals, which includes chemicals with worldwide distributions. Our search strategy retrieved 540 relevant publications, with studies evaluating health impacts of ambient air pollution (n=105), indoor air pollution (n = 166), heavy metals (n = 130), pesticides (n = 95), dietary mold (n = 61), indoor mold (n = 9), per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs, n = 0), electronic waste (n = 9), environmental phenols (n = 4), flame retardants (n = 8), and phthalates (n = 3), where publications could belong to more than one exposure category. Only 23 publications characterized both environmental and genomic risk factors. Cardiovascular and respiratory health endpoints impacted by air pollution were comparable to observations in other countries. Air pollution exposures unique to Africa and some other resource limited settings were dust and specific occupational exposures. Literature describing harmful health effects of metals, pesticides, and dietary mold represented a context unique to Africa. Studies of exposures to phthalates, PFASs, phenols, and flame retardants were very limited. These results underscore the need for further focus on current and emerging environmental and chemical health risks as well as better integration of genomic and environmental factors in African research studies. Environmental exposures with distinct routes of exposure, unique co-exposures and co-morbidities, combined with the extensive genomic diversity in Africa may lead to the identification of novel mechanisms underlying complex disease and promising potential for translation to global public health.

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Respiratory health effects of occupational exposure to charcoal dust in Namibia

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Air Pollution and Climate Forcing of the Charcoal Industry in Africa

Air Pollution and Climate Forcing of the Charcoal Industry in Africa

A Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors of Length of Exposure, Smoking Habits, Use of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE), and Exposure to Welding Fumes in Welding Workers with Abnormal Pulmonary Function (A Perspective of Sustainable Public Health)

Environmental Health Research in Africa: Important Progress and Promising Opportunities

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