Respiratory function, functional capacity, and physical activity behaviours in children and adolescents with scoliosis

Abstract

Objectives To assess pulmonary function and functional capacity in children and adolescents with mild or moderate idiopathic scoliosis who were included in a rehabilitation programme, and to observe some of their physical activity behaviours. Methods Forty children (aged 9–17 years) with mild or moderate idiopathic scoliosis (patients) and 40 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were included in the study. Physical activity behaviours (hours of time spent at a desk and at a computer, hours of competitive and non-competitive practice of exercise per week) were recorded. Patients were assessed before beginning rehabilitation and 12 weeks after an exercised-based programme by spirometry and functional capacity testing (6-minute walk test). Results All respiratory and functional capacity parameters were significantly increased after physical therapy compared with before beginning physical therapy in patients. However, there were still differences between patients and controls in all assessed parameters after therapy. Children and adolescents who were diagnosed with scoliosis spent a longer time at a computer, and had reduced regular and competitive physical exercise compared with controls. Conclusions In children and adolescents with mild/moderate idiopathic scoliosis, pulmonary parameters and functional capacity are improved after 12 weeks of supervised physical therapy.

De novo 8p21.3→ p23.3 Duplication With t(4;8)(q35;p21.3) Translocation Associated With Mental Retardation, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Congenital Heart Defects: Case Report With Literature Review

“…The identified copy number variation was associated with 8p21.3→ p23.3 microduplication syndrome, being a genomic imbalance, described in international databases as having pathological significance. The duplicated region has an important gene content associated with the development of pathological conditions, particularly with growth retardation, dysmorphic features, skeletal abnormalities, which may predispose to restrictive lung disease and congenital heart defects ( 23 , 24 ). Other phenotypic consequences are developmental delay, mental retardation, and behavioral problems.…”

Does exercise therapy improve pulmonary function in patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis?

“…Three RCTs were conducted in a hospital setting (Gao et al, 2019;Hui et al, 2015;Xavier, Avanzi, de Carvalho, and Alves, 2020) and the remaining three were in a university setting (Athanasopoulos et al, 2007;Kim and Park, 2017;Kumar et al, 2017). Five PI studies were carried out in a hospital setting (Alves, Stirbulov, and Avanzi, 2006;Amaricai et al, 2020;Fabian, 2010aFabian, , 2010bWeiss, 1991); three in universities (Borysov and Borysov, 2012;Kim and Hwangbo, 2016;Otman, Kose, and Yakut, 2005); and one in a specialist scoliosis rehabilitation clinic (Moramarco et al, 2016). All studies measured FVC (L) or VC (L) while five RCTs and four PIs measured FEV 1.…”

“…This review included two studies of participants with single thoracic curves (Athanasopoulos et al, 2007;Xavier, Avanzi, de Carvalho, and Alves, 2020) and six studies with participants who had mixed curve type including thoracic curves, lumbar curves and double curves (Alves, Stirbulov, and Avanzi, 2006;Borysov and Borysov, 2012;Fabian, 2010aFabian, , 2010bMoramarco et al, 2016;Otman, Kose, and Yakut, 2005). The remaining seven studies did not identify the curve type of participants (Amaricai et al, 2020;Gao et al, 2019;Hui et al, 2015;Kim and Hwangbo, 2016;Kim and Park, 2017;Kumar et al, 2017;Weiss, 1991). Eight studies (five RCTs and three PIs) included participants with mild or moderate scoliosis (Amaricai et al, 2020;Athanasopoulos et al, 2007;Borysov and Borysov, 2012;Gao et al, 2019;Hui et al, 2015;Kim and Park, 2017;Kumar et al, 2017;Otman, Kose, and Yakut, 2005).…”

“…The remaining seven studies did not identify the curve type of participants (Amaricai et al, 2020;Gao et al, 2019;Hui et al, 2015;Kim and Hwangbo, 2016;Kim and Park, 2017;Kumar et al, 2017;Weiss, 1991). Eight studies (five RCTs and three PIs) included participants with mild or moderate scoliosis (Amaricai et al, 2020;Athanasopoulos et al, 2007;Borysov and Borysov, 2012;Gao et al, 2019;Hui et al, 2015;Kim and Park, 2017;Kumar et al, 2017;Otman, Kose, and Yakut, 2005). Two studies included participants with a spectrum of AIS severity; mild, moderate and severe (Moramarco et al, 2016;Weiss, 1991).…”

“…The types of intervention used in the studies can be divided into two broad categories: 1) aerobic-based exercise programs (n = 3) (Alves, Stirbulov, and Avanzi, 2006;Athanasopoulos et al, 2007;Xavier, Avanzi, de Carvalho, and Alves, 2020); and 2) PSSE programs designed to strengthen and straighten the spine and improve posture and breathing (n = 12). A number of studies had additional components such as: supplementary ergonomic exercises for the intervention group (Kumar et al, 2017); Chinese traditional medicine and manual manipulation techniques (Hui et al, 2015); lower limb strengthening (Amaricai et al, 2020); or lowresistance exercises (Xavier, Avanzi, de Carvalho, and Alves, 2020) in their interventions (Tables 1 and 2).…”