Respiratory deposition of ultrafine welding fume particles

Su, Wei‐Chung; Chen, Yi; Bezerra, Marcio; Wang, Jun

doi:10.1080/15459624.2019.1652306

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…All results presented above validate that the newly upgraded MALDA is a useful tool for estimating aerosol respiratory deposition for general spherical or compact particles such as the e‐cigarette aerosol in the environment. However, some health‐related aerosol in indoor or outdoor environments tends to have irregular shapes (including agglomerates and aggregates) such as fume and smoke generated by combustible cigarettes, incense burning, welding, and diesel combustion 27,36‐39 . These airborne particulate matters with irregular particle shapes may manifest distinct aerodynamic behaviors in the airstream from those of spherical or compact particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some health-related aerosol in indoor or outdoor environments tends to have irregular shapes (including agglomerates and aggregates) such as fume and smoke generated by combustible cigarettes, incense burning, welding, and diesel combustion. 27,[36][37][38][39] These airborne particulate matters with irregular particle shapes may manifest distinct aerodynamic behaviors in the airstream from those of spherical or compact particles. Thus, the resulting deposition fractions in the human respiratory tract could theoretically deviate from the ICRP convention curves.…”

Section: Re Sults and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MALDA consists of a set of representative human airway replicas and anaerosol sizer to estimate the aerosol respiratory deposition 26 . The key feature of the MALDA is that the setup of the aerosol respiratory deposition experiment is transportable between laboratories and real‐life settings 27 . In this study, an essential upgrade was done on the MALDA by installing are presentative alveolar section to take into account the aerosol deposition in the lower airways, which is critical especially for studying passive vaping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 The key feature of the MALDA is that the setup of the aerosol respiratory deposition experiment is transportable between laboratories and real-life settings. 27 In this study, an essential upgrade was done on the MALDA by installing are presentative alveolar section to take into account the aerosol deposition in the lower airways, which is critical especially for studying passive vaping. This upgrade coupled with the feature of easy transportability has well positioned this study to fill in the current knowledge gap of passive vaping associated respiratory deposition.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Deposition of E‐cigarette aerosol in human airways through passive vaping

Wong

Buu

2020

Indoor Air

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Secondary exposure to e‐cigarette aerosol (passive vaping) will soon become a pressing public health issue in the world. Yet, the current knowledge about respiratory depositions of e‐cigarette aerosol through passive vaping in human airways is limited due to critical weaknesses of traditional experimental methods. To fill in this important knowledge gap, this study proposed a special approach involving an upgraded Mobile Aerosol Lung Deposition Apparatus (MALDA) that consists of a set of human airway replicas including a head airway, tracheobronchial airways down to the 11th lung generation, and a representative alveolar section. In addition to the comprehensive coverage of human airways, the MALDA is easily transportable for providing efficient estimations of aerosol respiratory deposition. In this study, the MALDA was first evaluated in the laboratory and then applied to estimate the respiratory deposition associated with passive vaping in an indoor real‐life setting. The results showed that the respiratory deposition data aligned closely with the conventional respiratory deposition curves not only in the head‐to‐TB region but also in the alveolar region. The strengths of MALDA demonstrate great promise for a wide variety of applications in real‐life settings that could provide crucial information for future public health and indoor air quality studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Re Sults and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Deposition of E‐cigarette aerosol in human airways through passive vaping

Wong

Buu

2020

Indoor Air

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“…This approach is being progressively used to precisely explain the structure and composition of airborne particles that pose health hazards in industrial and environmental settings. For example, methodologies have been recently developed to study nano-size particles in the field of active welding [89,122]. To accurately describe a particle, different characteristics, including particle size, length, and shape are measured by SEM-EDX.…”

Section: Rcmd Characteristics and Characterization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respirable Coal Mine Dust: A Review of Respiratory Deposition, Regulations, and Characterization

et al. 2021

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In the late 1990s, despite years of efforts to understand and reduce coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (CWP) prevalence from more than 30% in 1970 to less than 4.2%, the level of occurrence among the US coal miners increased unexpectedly. The recent resurgence of lung diseases has raised concerns in the scientific and regulatory communities. In 2014, the United States Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) issued a new dust rule changing the respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) exposure limits, measurement technology, and sampling protocol. The analysis for probable causes for the substantial increase in the CWP incidence rate is rather complicated. This paper aims to conduct a review of RCMD respiratory deposition, health effects, monitoring, regulations, and particle characteristics. The primary sources of RCMD along with the health risks from potential exposure are highlighted, and the current RCMD exposure regulations of the major coal producer countries are compared. A summary of RCMD characterization studies from 1972 to the present is provided. A review of the literature revealed that numerous factors, including geological and mining parameters, advancements in mining practices, particle characteristics, and monitoring approaches are considered to contribute to the recent resurgence of RCMD lung diseases. However, the root causes of the problem are still unknown. The effectiveness of the new dust rules in the United States will probably take years to be correctly assessed. Therefore, future research is needed to understand the relationship between RCMD particle characteristics and lung deposition, and the efficacy of current monitoring practices to measure the true dose of RCMD exposure.

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Estimation of Particle Emission Rates and Calculation of Human Dose from Arc Welding and Cutting of Stainless Steel in a Simulated Confined Workspace

Serfozo

Lazaridis

2023

Aerosol Sci Eng

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The objective of this study was to estimate the particle emission rates, human dose and retention from two arc welding processes and cutting of stainless steel. The two arc welding processes were Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) and Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG). In a simulated confined workspace of experimental chamber under controlled conditions, four different scenarios were considered, including the use of filtering face piece respirator (FFR), leaving or staying in the workspace after the emission. Deposited and retained dose in the respiratory tract was assessed for the different regions of the human respiratory tract using a dosimetry model (ExDoM2). The three investigated processes generated high particle number concentrations ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 × 106 particles/cm3 and were the highest during TIG. Among all three processes, PM10 concentrations from cutting reached the highest levels [11 and 22 (× 103) μg/m3], while SMAW had the highest contribution of fine particles [~ 4.1 (× 103) μg/m3], consisting mostly of PM1–2.5. The examination of different scenarios revealed that there is only a slight difference in respect to deposited dose while staying in the workspace for the entire investigated time period (4 h) with or without use of Filtering Facepiece Respirator (FFR). It would be more beneficial in respect to deposited dose if the exposed subject was not wearing a FFR during the emission process and would leave the polluted workspace immediately after the emission period. In the first two scenarios (staying 4 h in the polluted workspace with and without FFR), both welding processes had higher cumulative deposited (~ 23%) and retained dose (~ 20%) in thoracic region compared to cutting (~ 9% and ~ 7%). These results demonstrate that even a short emission period can cause a considerable increase in concentrations of harmful respirable particles, thus increasing the human dose. The approach applied in this study could be used for the determination of personal exposure and dose to particles of known composition particularly in confined workspaces.

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Respiratory deposition of ultrafine welding fume particles

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Deposition of E‐cigarette aerosol in human airways through passive vaping

Deposition of E‐cigarette aerosol in human airways through passive vaping

Respirable Coal Mine Dust: A Review of Respiratory Deposition, Regulations, and Characterization

Estimation of Particle Emission Rates and Calculation of Human Dose from Arc Welding and Cutting of Stainless Steel in a Simulated Confined Workspace

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