Respiratory cooling and thermoregulatory coupling in reptiles

Tattersall, Glenn J.; Cadena, Viviana; Skinner, Matthew C.

doi:10.1016/j.resp.2006.02.011

Cited by 78 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Therefore, these lizards may have limited scope for restricting water loss in dry and warm conditions. The increased WLR for summer-collected lizards may result from associated traits other than metabolism, such as behavioral mechanisms (e.g., panting for evaporative cooling; Tattersall et al 2006) or seasonal changes in cutaneous properties (Mautz 1982). The plastic response of lizard WLR and of its components (cutaneous vs. respiratory) thus merits further research (Lillywhite 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Behavior-Physiology Nexus: Behavioral and Physiological Compensation Are Relied on to Different Extents between Seasons

Basson

Clusella‐Trullas

2015

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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Environmental variability occurring at different timescales can significantly reduce performance, resulting in evolutionary fitness costs. Shifts in thermoregulatory behavior, metabolism, and water loss via phenotypic plasticity can compensate for thermal variation, but the relative contribution of each mechanism and how they may influence each other are largely unknown. Here, we take an ecologically relevant experimental approach to dissect these potential responses at two temporal scales: weather transients and seasons. Using acclimation to cold, average, or warm conditions in summer and winter, we measure the direction and magnitude of plasticity of resting metabolic rate (RMR), water loss rate (WLR), and preferred body temperature (T pref ) in the lizard Cordylus oelofseni within and between seasons. In summer, lizards selected lower T pref when acclimated to warm versus cold but had no plasticity of either RMR or WLR. By contrast, winter lizards showed partial compensation of RMR but no behavioral compensation. Between seasons, both behavioral and physiological shifts took place. By integrating ecological reality into laboratory assays, we demonstrate that behavioral and physiological responses of C. oelofseni can be contrasting, depending on the timescale investigated. Incorporating ecologically relevant scenarios and the plasticity of multiple traits is thus essential when attempting to forecast extinction risk to climate change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Behavior-Physiology Nexus: Behavioral and Physiological Compensation Are Relied on to Different Extents between Seasons

Basson

Clusella‐Trullas

2015

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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“…Future studies are necessary to evaluate the possibility that the different populations differ in their physiological thermoregulatory responses when other radiative conditions are available e.g., short-wave radiation and use heliothermic thermoregulation (see Belliure & Carrascal 2002). Additionally, populations may differ in other physiological mechanism, involved in thermoregulation, such as breathing patterns that, by bucopulmonar evaporation, can help to reduce the overheating possibilities (Tattersall et al 2006). Liolaemus tenuis not only has sexual dimorphism in morphology (Vidal et al 2005) and coloration (Vidal et al 2007), it also has sexual differences in the thermal physiology, as females showed slower heating rates than males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecific variation in a physiological thermoregulatory mechanism: the case of the lizard Liolaemus tenuis (Liolaeminae)

Vidal

Ortíz

Labra

2008

Rev. chil. hist. nat.

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Intraspecific variation in a physiological thermoregulatory mechanism: the case of the lizard Liolaemus tenuis (Liolaeminae) Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway; *e-mail for correspondence: marvidal@udec.cl, marcela.vidal@gmail.com ABSTRACTThe interspecific variation of heating rates in Liolaemus lizards, suggests an adaptive value of this physiological thermoregulatory mechanism, which would allow lizards to cope with the environmental thermal restrictions, imposed to behavioral thermoregulation. This trend has barely been tested at intraspecific level, and here we explore if intraspecific variation in heating rates occurs in Liolaemus tenuis, a relative widely distributed species from central Chile. We test the hypothesis that heating rates are related to the thermal environmental conditions at which populations are exposed, by comparing the heating rates of three populations (from a latitudinal range), which inhabit under different thermal conditions. Additionally, we explore if the intrinsic factor, sex, also modulates heating rates. There was a significant intraspecific variation in heating rates, at population and gender level. These rates however, showed only a partial relationship with the environmental thermal conditions. We found that the northern population, inhabiting at higher temperature, heated slower, which might reduce the risk of overheating. On the other hand, independent of the population, females heated slower than males. The meaning of this sexual variation is unclear, but may be consequence of the significant differences in genders' social behavior. Because males defend a territory with a harem, by heating faster, they can allocate extra time in behaviors associated to the defense and maintenance of the territory.

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“…Gaping involves a proportional increase in mouth opening with increasing T a , accompanied by no apparent changes in ventilation (Spotila et al, 1977;Tattersall et al, 2006). Panting, which is an open-mouth form of rapid, shallow breathing usually initiates at extreme or near lethal T a , acting as a last resort to survival; gaping typically starts at temperatures very close to preferred T a (Heatwole et al, 1973), apparently contributing to the fine-tuning of T b regulation (Tattersall and Gerlach, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Panting, which is an open-mouth form of rapid, shallow breathing usually initiates at extreme or near lethal T a , acting as a last resort to survival; gaping typically starts at temperatures very close to preferred T a (Heatwole et al, 1973), apparently contributing to the fine-tuning of T b regulation (Tattersall and Gerlach, 2005). By opening the mouth, the EWL should increase and be important to prevent the brain from overheating (Spotila et al, 1977;Tattersall et al, 2006). One consequence that this additional cooling mechanism (gaping) can provide to lizards is that they would spend longer periods of time at elevated or optimal T b before having to seek shade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoregulatory consequences of salt loading in the lizard, Pogona vitticeps

Scarpellini

Bícego

Tattersall

2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Previous research has demonstrated that dehydration increases the threshold temperature for panting and decreases the thermal preference of lizards. Conversely, it is unknown whether thermoregulatory responses such as shuttling and gaping are similarly influenced. Shuttling, as an active behavioural response, is considered one of the most effective thermoregulatory behaviours, whereas gaping has been proposed to be involved in preventing brain over-heating in lizards. In this study we examined the effect of salt loading, a proxy for increased plasma osmolality, on shuttling and gaping in Pogona vitticeps. Then, we determined the upper and lower escape ambient temperatures (UET a and LET a ), the percentage of time spent gaping, the metabolic rate (V˙O 2 ), the evaporative water loss (EWL) during gaping and non-gaping intervals and the evaporative effectiveness (EWL/V˙O 2 ) of gaping. All experiments were performed under isotonic (154 mmol l −1 ) and hypertonic saline injections (625, 1250 or 2500 mmol l −1 ). Only the highest concentration of hypertonic saline altered the UET a and LET a , but this effect appeared to be the result of diminishing the animal's propensity to move, instead of any direct reduction in thermoregulatory set-points. Nevertheless, the percentage of time spent gaping was proportionally reduced according to the saline concentration; V˙O 2 was also decreased after salt loading. Thermographic images revealed lower head than body surface temperatures during gaping; however this difference was inhibited after salt loading. Our data suggest that EWL/V˙O 2 is raised during gaping, possibly contributing to an increase in heat transfer away from the lizard, and playing a role in head or brain cooling.

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Respiratory cooling and thermoregulatory coupling in reptiles

Cited by 78 publications

References 71 publications

The Behavior-Physiology Nexus: Behavioral and Physiological Compensation Are Relied on to Different Extents between Seasons

The Behavior-Physiology Nexus: Behavioral and Physiological Compensation Are Relied on to Different Extents between Seasons

Intraspecific variation in a physiological thermoregulatory mechanism: the case of the lizard Liolaemus tenuis (Liolaeminae)

Thermoregulatory consequences of salt loading in the lizard, Pogona vitticeps

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