Respiratory Characteristics of a Microporous Membrane Oxygenator

Karlson, Karl E.; Massimino, R. J.; Cooper, George N.; Singh, Arun K.; Vargas, Lester L.

doi:10.1097/00000658-197704000-00004

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Although employment of microporous membranes decreased the surface area of membrane required for adequate oxygenation during adult perfusion, the blood film was of necessity very thin to achieve adequate exposure of the blood to the membrane. This design has been very satisfactory for clinical use [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Laboratory and clinical evaluation of a membrane oxygenator with secondary flows in the blood channels

et al. 1982

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A microporous membrane oxygenator which has transverse furrows on the membrane surface has been used in 50 clinical cardiopulmonary bypass procedures for coronary revascularization. The transverse furrows on the membrane, together with intermittent rapid pulsatile reversal of the blood flow in the blood film, produce secondary flows in the film and increase exposure of desaturated blood to the membrane. Venous drainage flows into a plastic reservoir, from which it is pumped through the oxygenator and integral heat exchanger into the aorta of the patient. Perfusions were carried out with hemodilution and moderate hypothermia. The oxygenator was ventilated with oxygen. In experimental perfusions using calves, the oxygen transfer was as high as 371 ml/min. During the clinical perfusions, arterial oxygen saturation was always 98% or higher. The mean arterial carbon dioxide tension was 41 mm Hg at a mean O2 flow of 1.4 L/min. The mean arterial pH was 7.40. The oxygenator puiser which created the secondary flows in the blood film was operated at a rate of between 90 and 255 pulses per minute. Pressure drop across the oxygenator averaged 18 mm Hg. Oxygen tension in the arterial blood could be regulated with the pulser rate, greater pulser rates being associated with larger oxygen transfer. Carbon dioxide transfer was best regulated by changes in gas flow rate. The oxygenator functioned well and was safe and reliable during these 50 perfusions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Laboratory and clinical evaluation of a membrane oxygenator with secondary flows in the blood channels

et al. 1982

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“…With the advent of microporous membranes, the oxgenators could be built with smaller membrane Direct communications to: Ronald J. Massimino, B.S., C.C.P., 106 Moorefield St., Providence, RI 02909. surface areas and smaller blood priming volumes, which made them practical for routine use in open heart surgery. 1 These microporous membrane oxygenators have utilized a film of blood between two layers of membrane, with features to assure rapid change of the blood at the surface of the membrane to increase the efficiency of gas exchange 2 . Hollow fiber membrane oxygenators have been devised with the intention of increasing the membrane surface area while keeping the priming volume of the devices within practical limits.…”

Section: Introduction _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FIGURE1. Venous blood from the patient drains into a venous reservoir bag, from which it is pumped through the oxygenator to the patient.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Evaluation of a Microporous Hollow-fiber Membrane Oxygenator with Large Gas Transfer Capability

Massimino,

Stearns,

Gough

et al. 1984

J Extra Corpor Technol

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A capillary tube membrane oxygenator composed of microporous hollow fibers has been evaluated in 400 cases of cardiac surgery. The available membrane area in this device is 5.4 M2. The priming volume of the oxygenator and an integral heat exchanger is 700 ml. The perfusions were conducted with moderate hypothermia and hemodilution. Arterial pO2 was controlled by appropriate adjustment of the FiO2. The pCO2 was controlled by changing the gas flow. The duration of perfusion was up to 476 minutes at blood flow rates of 2.0 to 6.7 L/min. Oxygen transfer was as high as 352 ml/min. The mean arterial pO2 was 281 mm Hg and the pCO2 38 mm Hg. Platelet count did not change significantly during perfusion. This device has proven to provide good gas exchange for nearly eight hours in this series. Two units developed small leaks of blood into the gas phase of the device. These leaks did not affect gas exchange. This oxygenator-heat exchanger unit has proven to be simple to prime, easy to operate, provide adequate gas exchange for all adults and safe for cardiac surgery.

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