RESPIRATORY AND VASCULAR RESPONSES IN MONKEYS FROM TEMPORAL POLE, INSULA, ORBITAL SURFACE AND CINGULATE GYRUS: <b>A PRELIMINARY REPORT</b>

Kaada, B; Pribram, Karl H.; Epstein, Joseph A.

doi:10.1152/jn.1949.12.5.347

Cited by 264 publications

(112 citation statements)

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“…In addition, it is possible that inadvertent damage to the white matter subjacent to subgenual ACC might have contributed to our results. One possible site of termination for these fibers is the OFC, an adjacent part of the prefrontal cortex that has been associated with autonomic control and emotion regulation (6). In marmoset monkeys, lesions of the OFC cause alterations in autonomic arousal that differ from those reported here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…9). Electrical stimulation of this area produces changes in breathing and heart rate (6,8,29), and the subgenual ACC is densely interconnected with structures that play a central role in visceromotor control, such as the hypothalamus (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on these findings, new approaches for treatmentresistant depression target the subgenual ACC with deep brain stimulation (5). Determining the causal role of subgenual ACC in the regulation of affect and arousal would advance our understanding of emotional regulation and could provide insight into the pathophysiology of depression.A long history of research implicates the ACC as a whole in the control of autonomic arousal, emotional responses, and behavior (6)(7)(8). Much of what is known about the function of the ACC, however, relates to the more dorsal parts of the ACC and its role in higher cognition and arousal (9-11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A long history of research implicates the ACC as a whole in the control of autonomic arousal, emotional responses, and behavior (6)(7)(8). Much of what is known about the function of the ACC, however, relates to the more dorsal parts of the ACC and its role in higher cognition and arousal (9-11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A role for primate subgenual cingulate cortex in sustaining autonomic arousal

Rudebeck

Putnam

Daniels

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

137

111

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The subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (subgenual ACC) plays an important role in regulating emotion, and degeneration in this area correlates with depressed mood and anhedonia. Despite this understanding, it remains unknown how this part of the prefrontal cortex causally contributes to emotion, especially positive emotions. Using Pavlovian conditioning procedures in macaque monkeys, we examined the contribution of the subgenual ACC to autonomic arousal associated with positive emotional events. After such conditioning, autonomic arousal increases in response to cues that predict rewards, and monkeys maintain this heightened state of arousal during an interval before reward delivery. Here we show that although monkeys with lesions of the subgenual ACC show the initial, cue-evoked arousal, they fail to sustain a high level of arousal until the anticipated reward is delivered. Control procedures showed that this impairment did not result from differences in autonomic responses to reward delivery alone, an inability to learn the association between cues and rewards, or to alterations in the light reflex. Our data indicate that the subgenual ACC may contribute to positive affect by sustaining arousal in anticipation of positive emotional events. A failure to maintain positive affect for expected pleasurable events could provide insight into the pathophysiology of psychological disorders in which negative emotions dominate a patient's affective experience.Area 25 | infralimbic | pupil size | anticipatory arousal T he ability to regulate emotion and arousal in response to pleasurable and aversive situations is essential for adapting to our environment and, ultimately, for our mental health. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), specifically its subgenual part, has been implicated in a number of psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (1). Dysfunction and degeneration in the subgenual ACC have been reported in patients suffering from depression (2, 3), and the degree of activation in this area correlates with anhedonia, the loss of positive emotions (4). Based on these findings, new approaches for treatmentresistant depression target the subgenual ACC with deep brain stimulation (5). Determining the causal role of subgenual ACC in the regulation of affect and arousal would advance our understanding of emotional regulation and could provide insight into the pathophysiology of depression.A long history of research implicates the ACC as a whole in the control of autonomic arousal, emotional responses, and behavior (6)(7)(8). Much of what is known about the function of the ACC, however, relates to the more dorsal parts of the ACC and its role in higher cognition and arousal (9-11). Less is known about the function of the ventral ACC, especially the subgenual ACC, in part because lesions of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex often include the subgenual ACC as well as adjacent portions of orbitofrontal cortex and the dorsal ACC (12-14). Where research has focused on the primate subgenual ACC, it has emphas...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A role for primate subgenual cingulate cortex in sustaining autonomic arousal

Rudebeck

Putnam

Daniels

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

137

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These areas project to lateral orbitofrontal cortex, limbic striatum and brainstem autonomic centres (Kunishio & Haber, 1994) and correspond to the areas activated during mood induction and the dysphoria of angina (George et al 1995 ;Rosen et al 1994). Electrical stimulation in this area evokes prominent behavioural and autonomic responses (Kaada, 1949). Decreased resting rCBF in this region has been reported in depression associated with Parkinson's disease (Mayberg et al 1990 ;Ring et al 1994) and increased rCBF associated with recovery from depression (Goodwin et al 1993).…”

Section: Depression and Cognitive Functionmentioning

confidence: 97%