Respiratory and Nonrespiratory Diagnoses Associated With Influenza in Hospitalized Adults

Chow, Eric J; Rolfes, Melissa A.; Alden, Nisha; Anderson, Evan J.; Bennett, Nancy M.; Billing, Laurie M; Dufort, Elizabeth; Kirley, Pam Daily; George, Andrea; Irizarry, Lourdes; Kim, Sue; Lynfield, Ruth; Ryan, Patricia; Schaffner, William; Talbot, H. Keipp; Thomas, Ann; Yousey‐Hindes, Kimberly; Reed, Carrie; Garg, Shikha

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.1323

Cited by 43 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…This is in keeping with other reports suggesting that patients with COVID-19 and coinfections did not have a more severe prognosis [1]. Common respiratory viruses account for a significant proportion of hospitalizations and remain a significant contributor to in-hospital mortality and morbidity [12,13], even during an ongoing COVID-19 outbreak. Notably, in our cohort, the in-hospital mortality rate and proportion of COVID-19 patients requiring invasive ventilation was low, at around 1% of patients; these rates were even lower than patients with other community-acquired respiratory viruses admitted to our institution over the same time period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Nevertheless, common respiratory viruses remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality amongst hospitalized inpatients with respiratory diagnoses. [13] In Singapore, a Southeast Asian city-state, the first imported case of COVID-19 was reported in end-January 2020; followed by the first documented case of local transmission in early February 2020 [14]. By end-February 2020, the majority of cases were attributed to local transmission [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community-acquired viral respiratory infections amongst hospitalized inpatients during a COVID-19 outbreak in Singapore: co-infection and clinical outcomes

Wee

et al. 2020

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre-including this research content-immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-acquired viral respiratory infections amongst hospitalized inpatients during a COVID-19 outbreak in Singapore: co-infection and clinical outcomes

Wee

et al. 2020

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…It has become clearer that sepsis-associated AKI is multifactorial, involving the kidney inflammatory response, microcirculatory dysfunction, and metabolic reprogramming with mitochondrial injury (55). These mechanisms are compatible with our current understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection and biology, supporting the prevailing hypothesis that COVID-19-associated AKI takes place in a severe disease scenario with a complex pathophysiological network, but, in contrast to other SARSrelated viruses (14), SARS-CoV-2 direct infection of the proximal epithelium could importantly support a causal relationship in AKI development (66).…”

Section: Kidney Abnormalities Induced By Sars-cov-2: Potential Involvsupporting

confidence: 67%

Is the kidney a target of SARS-CoV-2?

Martínez‐Rojas

Vega-Vega

Bobadilla

2020

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

203

173

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The new disease produced by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) represents a major pandemic event nowadays. Since its origin in China in December 2019, there is compelling evidence that novel SARS-CoV-2 is a highly transmissible virus, and it is associated to a broad clinical spectrum going from subclinical presentation to severe respiratory distress and multiorgan failure. Like other coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 recognizes human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a cellular receptor that allows it to infect different host cells and likely disrupts renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system homeostasis. Particularly, a considerable incidence of many renal abnormalities associated to COVID-19 has been reported, including proteinuria, hematuria, and acute kidney injury. Moreover, it has been recently demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 can infect podocytes and tubular epithelial cells, which could contribute to the development of the aforementioned renal abnormalities. In this review, we discuss the biological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection, how understanding current knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 infection may partly explain the involvement of the kidneys in the pathophysiology of COVID-19, and what questions have arisen and remain to be explored.

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“…Data included age, sex, race/ethnicity, ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes, hospital admission and discharge date, and, if applicable, date of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and date of death. Thirty-three acute complications (not mutually exclusive) were identified using ICD-10-CM codes from the hospitalization EHR ( 2 ). Underlying medical conditions were identified using ICD-10-CM codes from inpatient, outpatient, and problem list records from at least 14 days before the specimen collection date ( 3 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk for In-Hospital Complications Associated with COVID-19 and Influenza — Veterans Health Administration, United States, October 1, 2018–May 31, 2020

Cates¹,

Lucero-Obusan²,

Dahl³

et al. 2020

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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127

126

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On October 20, 2020, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily a respiratory illness, although increasing evidence indicates that infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, can affect multiple organ systems (1). Data that examine all in-hospital complications of COVID-19 and that compare these complications with those associated with other viral respiratory pathogens, such as influenza, are lacking. To assess complications of COVID-19 and influenza, electronic health records (EHRs) from 3,948 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (March 1-May 31, 2020) and 5,453 hospitalized patients with influenza (October 1, 2018-February 1, 2020) from the national Veterans Health Administration (VHA), the largest integrated health care system in the United States,* were analyzed. Using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes, complications in patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were compared with those in patients with influenza. Risk ratios were calculated and adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and underlying medical conditions; proportions of complications were stratified among patients with COVID-19 by race/ethnicity. Patients with COVID-19 had almost 19 times the risk for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) than did patients with influenza, (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] = 18.60; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 12.40-28.00), and more than twice the risk for myocarditis (2.56; 1.17-5.59), deep vein thrombosis (2.81; 2.04-3.87), pulmonary embolism (2.10; 1.53-2.89), intracranial hemorrhage (2.85; 1.35-6.03), acute hepatitis/liver failure (3.13; 1.92-5.10), bacteremia (2.46; 1.91-3.18), and pressure ulcers (2.65; 2.14-3.27). The risks for exacerbations of asthma (0.27; 0.16-0.44) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (0.37; 0.32-0.42) were lower among patients with COVID-19 than among those with influenza. The percentage of COVID-19 patients who died while hospitalized (21.0%) was more than five times that of influenza patients (3.8%), and the duration of hospitalization was almost three times longer for COVID-19 patients. Among patients with COVID-19, the risk for respiratory, neurologic, and renal complications, and sepsis was higher among non-Hispanic Black or African American (Black) patients, patients of other *

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Respiratory and Nonrespiratory Diagnoses Associated With Influenza in Hospitalized Adults

Abstract: IMPORTANCE Seasonal influenza virus infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and may be associated with respiratory and nonrespiratory diagnoses.

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

Community-acquired viral respiratory infections amongst hospitalized inpatients during a COVID-19 outbreak in Singapore: co-infection and clinical outcomes

Community-acquired viral respiratory infections amongst hospitalized inpatients during a COVID-19 outbreak in Singapore: co-infection and clinical outcomes

Is the kidney a target of SARS-CoV-2?

Risk for In-Hospital Complications Associated with COVID-19 and Influenza — Veterans Health Administration, United States, October 1, 2018–May 31, 2020

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