Respiration and Feeding in Copepods

Marshall, S. M.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2881(08)60268-0

Cited by 181 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Even if nutritional inadequacies in some copepod foods deter maximum efficiency of egg-hatching success, it may not particularly matter in nature, because most copepods are broadly omnivorous, ingesting a variety of diatom, dinoflagellate, other phytoplankton, heterotrophic protist, and micrometazoan food items (reviews by Marshall 1973, Turner 1984, 2000, Kleppel 1993, Turner & Roff 1993, Mauchline 1998. Recent studies have revealed that some calanoid copepods previously regarded as 'herbivores' extensively ingest, and sustain fecundity upon, diets of heterotrophic protists such as oligotrich ciliates (Ohman & Runge 1994), and that such copepod production can contribute to larval fish recruitment during periods of low phytoplankton chlorophyll (Runge & de Lafontaine 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling of copepod grazing rates, fecundity and egg-hatching success on mixed and alternating diatom and dinoflagellate diets

Turner

Ianora²,

Miralto³

et al. 2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Experiments were conducted over 10 to 20 d periods to study the grazing and reproductive success of the copepod Temora stylifera fed on unialgal cultures of the diatom Thalassiosira rotula (THA) or the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum (PRO), as well as mixtures of THA and PRO (MIX experiments) and alternating diets of THA and PRO switched daily (SWITCH experiments). Adult females ate both THA and PRO, and while rates of feeding on the 2 diets were similar in terms of carbon ingestion, egg production was generally higher on the diatom diet. In contrast, copepod egg-hatching success was low on the diatom diet, declining rapidly after 2 d from > 80 to 0% by Day 17. The diminution in hatching success was slower when females were fed MIX or SWITCH diets, but nonetheless diminished to 0 and < 25% by the end of the experiment, depending on the incubation method. Only in the case of the PRO diet was egg viability high and stable with time (87 to 96%), regardless of whether female and male couples were incubated as individual couples in crystallizing dishes or as triplicate couples in rotating bottles. However, in most other cases, the incubation method (crystallizing dishes vs rotating bottles) had very strong effects on egg and fecal pellet production, and hatching success. Higher egg production rates were generally obtained when females were incubated in crystallizing dishes, whatever the diet, although fecal pellet production rates were significantly higher in the rotating bottle experiments in most cases. Egg-hatching success was also strongly affected by incubation method, with generally higher hatching rates in the rotating bottles. This was probably due to the fragility of non-viable eggs, which were more easily destroyed by mechanical disturbance in rotating bottle experiments. The results support the recent discovery that reproductive failure in copepods can be due to deleterious antimitotic compounds present in some diatoms that arrest normal embryonic division. Reduction in egg viability was not only visible when females were fed unialgal diatom diets, but also when they were fed mixed diets. However, on mixed diets there was a 'dilution effect' in that hatching was reduced by approximately half, and this took about twice as long to occur. The evolutionary advantages for diatoms in producing antimitotic compounds are discussed, as well as questions of why copepods feed on diatoms with impunity, even though some diatoms are detrimental to copepod reproductive success.KEY WORDS: Copepod grazing · Egg production · Egg viability · Diatom · Temora stylifera · Gulf of Naples, ItalyResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling of copepod grazing rates, fecundity and egg-hatching success on mixed and alternating diatom and dinoflagellate diets

Turner

Ianora²,

Miralto³

et al. 2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Increased rates of oxygen consumption due to crowding in respirometers have been reported for mixed macrozooplankton by Satomi and Pomeroy (1965) but were discounted for copepods by Marshall (1973).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Maerozooplankton of a deep sea hydrothermal vent: In situ rates of oxygen consumption1

Smith

1985

Limnology & Oceanography

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Oxygen consumption rates of mixed macrozooplankton from the vicinity of a deep sea hydrothermal vent system were measured with a three-chambered slurp-gun respirometer manipulated by the submersible Alvin at one vent station, clam acres (2,615-m depth), on the axis of the East Pacific Rise at 2 1"N. Diffuse warm-water effluents (125°C) along crevices between pillow lava formations were densely populated with epibenthic megafauna. In sharp contrast, the surrounding nonvent area had similar physical features but few visible fauna. Four plankton collections were made in the vent area and two in the nonvent area on two separate dives. Vent and nonvent plankton were dominated, numerically and gravimetrically, by a Calanoid copepod, Isaacsicalanus paucisetus. Abundance and biomass of the mixed plankton were highest over the vent area and decreased by as much as two orders of magnitude over the nonvent area. Although weight-specific oxygen consumption rates of plankton from the vent and nonvent areas, measured at the same ambient temperature (1.6"C) were of similar magnitude (1.68-4.26 ~1 O2 mg-l dry wt d-l), both were one to two orders of magnitude lower than published rates for surface-water mixed plankton. Oxygen consumption rates per cubic meter ranged from 564.5 ~1 0, m-3 d-l at one vent site to 4.3 over the nonvent area. Vent and nonvent rates of oxygen consumption per cubic meter fall within the range of values previously measured for mixed macrozooplankton from surface waters to bathypelagic depths.

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“…However, the small size and often simple life cycle of the various micro-zooplankters suggest both very rapid metabolic and growth rates (Fenchel, 1974;Johannes, 1965;Zeuthen, 1947) and an ability to utilize food sources of a size largely unavailable to the larger crustacean grazers (Anraku and Omori, 1963;Marshall, 1973;Nival and Nival, 1976), giving this fraction of the zooplankton at least the potential to influence profoundly the trophic dynamics within the planktonic 1 102 assemblage. The experimental work which has been done to date (Blackbourn, 1974;Dewey, 1976;Gold, 1973;Hamilton and Preslan, 1970;Heinbokel, 1977 --and in prep.…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of energy related activities on the plankton of the Chesapeake Bay. Section 1. Progress report, 1 August 1976--30 September 1977

Taft¹

1977

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Respiration and Feeding in Copepods

Cited by 181 publications

References 113 publications

Decoupling of copepod grazing rates, fecundity and egg-hatching success on mixed and alternating diatom and dinoflagellate diets

Decoupling of copepod grazing rates, fecundity and egg-hatching success on mixed and alternating diatom and dinoflagellate diets

Maerozooplankton of a deep sea hydrothermal vent: In situ rates of oxygen consumption1

Effects of energy related activities on the plankton of the Chesapeake Bay. Section 1. Progress report, 1 August 1976--30 September 1977

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