Respirable Particle Counts and Concentrations in Public Transportation in Istanbul Turkey

Abstract

This study aims to determine the in-vehicle and outdoor fine particle (PM 2.5) concentration and particle number concentration (PNC) for six size ranges (0.3-0.5 µm, >0.5-1.0 µm, >1.0-3.0 µm, >3.0-5.0 µm, >5.0-10 µm, and >10 µm). The measurement campaign was conducted in the morning and evening onboard the Metrobus, red-bus and outdoors. PM 2.5 concentration in the Metrobus and red bus were observed as 58.8±10.2 µg/m3 and 76.2±30.9 µg/m3 respectively, and the outdoor value was about 2 times more. For both types of public transportation, the ratio of the amount of internal environment PM and the amount of external environment PM displayed a high level of correlation (redbus/outdoors, R=0.97; Metrobus/outdoors, R=0.88) with the PM size. The number of commuters, vehicle ventilation type and outdoor air entering the vehicles probably caused the differences in in-vehicle particle concentrations.

Fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin categories: Relationship to serum lipoprotein(a) level and disparity in 2 geographic regional groups of Turkey

“…When examining prediabetic cohorts surveyed in 2013 and 2014, we noted 2 aspects in prediabetic individuals defined by HbA1c value of 5.7% to 6.49% and normal fasting glucose: a) This subset had a high prevalence (two-fifths) among Turkish adults aged over 40 years; b) various anthropometric, lipid, and non-lipid characteristics were significantly different across these participant groups ( 8 ). Since oral GTT is not performed as part of TARF study, we postulated that these intriguing observations might be accounted for by substantial proportion of prediabetic individuals surveyed in 2013 representing either participants who were actually diabetic with “reduced” HbA1c or those with IGT.…”