Resources for renewable natural gas: A Hawaii case study

Turn, Scott Q.; Williams, Robert E.; Chan, Wai Ying

doi:10.1002/ep.14002

Cited by 1 publication

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References 50 publications

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“… 33 The ash content of kukui shells, 3.58 and 5.01%wt for fresh and aged shells, respectively, is slightly higher than shells from these three commercial nuts, 1.4–3.3%wt, 33 and that of macadamia shells, 0.82%wt. 34 The kukui shells reportedly contain C-lignin and could be a potential sustainable feedstock for catechol production. 18 , 19 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Characterization of Kukui Nuts as Feedstock for Energy Production in Hawaii

Weber

Turn

2023

ACS Omega

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Fuel properties of oil-bearing kukui (Aleurites moluccana) nuts, a commonly found crop in Hawaii and tropical Pacific regions, were comprehensively studied to evaluate their potential for bioenergy production. Proximate and ultimate analyses, heating value, and elemental composition of the seed, shell, and de-oiled seed cake were determined across five sampling locations in Hawaii. The aged and freshly harvested kukui seeds were found to have similar oil contents, ranging from 61 to 64%wt. Aged seeds, however, have 2 orders of magnitude greater free fatty acids than those freshly harvested (50% vs 0.4%). The nitrogen content of the de-oiled kukui seed cake was found to be comparable to that of the soybean cake. Aging of kukui seeds can decrease the flashpoint temperature and increase the liquid–solid phase transition temperatures of kukui oil obtained. Mg and Ca are the major ash-forming elements present in the kukui shells, >80%wt of all metal elements detected, which may reduce deposition problems for thermochemical conversion in comparison with hazelnut, walnut, and almond shells. The study also revealed that kukui oil has similar characteristics to canola, indicating that it is well-suited for biofuel production.

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