Resources and Relationships: Social Networks and Mobility in the Workplace

Podolny, Joel M.; Baron, James N.

doi:10.2307/2657354

Cited by 1,592 publications

(1,208 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Social networks may provide benefits to individuals through access to embedded resources. 34,35 For example, effective mentors who are well connected may connect mentees with other well-connected members of their network. 36 Moving forward, we must understand how faculty coauthor networks map onto individual's perceived networks, including any instrumental (e.g., influence, communication, advice) and expressive (e.g., friendship) functions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faculty Promotion and Attrition: The Importance of Coauthor Network Reach at an Academic Medical Center

et al. 2015

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BACKGROUND: Business literature has demonstrated the importance of networking and connections in career advancement. This is a little-studied area in academic medicine. OBJECTIVE: To examine predictors of intra-organizational connections, as measured by network reach (the number of first-and second-degree coauthors), and their association with probability of promotion and attrition. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study between 2008 and 2012. SETTING: Academic medical center. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 5787 Harvard Medical School (HMS) faculty with a rank of assistant professor or fulltime instructor as of January 1, 2008. MAIN MEASURES: Using negative binomial models, multivariable-adjusted predictors of continuous network reach were assessed according to rank. Poisson regression was used to compute relative risk (RR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the association between network reach (in four categories) and two outcomes: promotion or attrition. Models were adjusted for demographic, professional and productivity metrics. KEY RESULTS: Network reach was positively associated with number of first-, last-and middle-author publications and h-index. Among assistant professors, men and whites had greater network reach than women and underrepresented minorities (p<0.001). Compared to those in the lowest category of network reach in 2008, instructors in the highest category were three times as likely to have been promoted to assistant professor by 2012 (RR: 3.16, 95 % CI: 2.60, 3.86; p-trend <0.001) after adjustment for covariates. Network reach was positively associated with promotion from assistant to associate professor (RR: 1.82, 95 % CI: 1.32, 2.50; p-trend <0.001). Those in the highest category of network reach in 2008 were 17 % less likely to have left HMS by 2012 (RR: 0.83, 95 % CI 0.70, 0.98) compared to those in the lowest category.CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that coauthor network metrics can provide useful information for understanding faculty advancement and retention in academic medicine. They can and should be investigated at other institutions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faculty Promotion and Attrition: The Importance of Coauthor Network Reach at an Academic Medical Center

et al. 2015

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“…Their structural position affords significant informational benefits and brokerage opportunities. Spanning multiple cultural worlds, however, can come at a cost as it may lead to their projecting an incoherent social identity, which can evoke suspicion and distrust (Podolny & Baron, 1997). Further, disembedded brokers may lack the benefits afforded by strong ties and cohesion, such as access to high-quality or proprietary information (Bian, 1997).…”

Section: Disembedded Brokersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Being anchored in a specific cultural group, embedded brokers enjoy the benefits of shared understanding, trust, and information-rich relationships (Reagans & McEvily, 2003), as well as a relatively coherent social identity and clear social expectations (Podolny & Baron 1997).…”

Section: Embedded Brokersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcultural Brokerage: The Role of Cosmopolitans in Bridging Structural and Cultural Holes

Levy¹,

Lee

Jonsen

et al. 2018

Journal of Management

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TRANSCULTURAL BROKERAGE: THE ROLE OF COSMOPOLITANS IN BRIDGING STRUCTURAL AND CULTURAL HOLES ABSTRACTThe growth and proliferation of global systems and transnational cultures have generated larger and more diverse types of cosmopolitans, all of whom span conventional social boundaries. Understanding this diversity is increasingly important because cosmopolitans often bridge across a wide range of transnational and global networks within and across global organizations. Drawing on multiple disciplines, we conceptualize cosmopolitanism as an embodied disposition characterized by high levels of cultural transcendence and openness that are manifested in and enacted along varied trajectories of cultural embeddedness in one's own culture and cultural engagement with the cultural Other. We then propose an analytical framework for the influence of cosmopolitan disposition on transcultural brokerage processes, specifically on bridging structural and cultural holes. Finally, we present a typology of cosmopolitan brokers and their corresponding practices and activities as they engage in transcultural brokerage. By recognizing the diversity and complexity of cosmopolitans and their respective dispositions, we significantly expand the pool of "global talent" beyond the traditional focus on expatriates, and we challenge the conventional wisdom on who counts as talent in an interconnected world.

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“…General population surveys without extensive follow-up attempts and recruitment efforts thus are likely to be systematically missing people with fewer network connections in general and social isolates in particular, thus leading to biases in variables that have been shown to be related to network connections, such as educational and occupational attainment (Paldony and Baron, 1997;Thomas, 2000), political participation (Knoke, 1990), religious attendance (Rote et al, 2013), aggression (Faris and Felmlee, 2011), and physical and mental health (Cornwell et al, 2012;Litwin, 2012). This finding also means that analysts should, where possible, consider the number of network connections to account for this differential nonresponse.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social isolation, survey nonresponse, and nonresponse bias: An empirical evaluation using social network data within an organization

Watanabe

Olson

Falci

2017

Social Science Research

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Survey researchers have long hypothesized that social isolation negatively affects the probability of survey participation and biases survey estimates. Previous research, however, has relied on proxy measures of isolation, such as being a marginalized group member within a population. We re-examine the relationship between social isolation and survey participation using direct measures of social isolation derived from social network data; specifically, instrumental research and expressive friendship connections among faculty within academic departments. Using a reconceptualization of social isolation, we find that social network isolation is negatively associated with unit response. Among women (a numerical minority group within the organization), we further find that social group isolation (i.e., lacking instrumental network connections to men, the majority group in the organization) is negatively associated with survey participation. Finally, we show that some survey estimates are systematically biased due to nonparticipation from socially isolated people.

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Resources and Relationships: Social Networks and Mobility in the Workplace

Cited by 1,592 publications

References 40 publications

Faculty Promotion and Attrition: The Importance of Coauthor Network Reach at an Academic Medical Center

Faculty Promotion and Attrition: The Importance of Coauthor Network Reach at an Academic Medical Center

Transcultural Brokerage: The Role of Cosmopolitans in Bridging Structural and Cultural Holes

Social isolation, survey nonresponse, and nonresponse bias: An empirical evaluation using social network data within an organization

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