Resource Use by Non-Native Ring-Necked Parakeets (Psittacula krameri) and Native Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in Central Europe

Czajka, Christina

doi:10.2174/1874453201104010017

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…When alien species are significantly larger than the native species this study), the latter may be reduced or excluded from breeding altogether due to the exploitation competition. To date most studies have been observational where alien and native species are similar sizes, some of which showed negative effects (Pell and Tidermann, 1997;Grarock et al, 2013a) and others not (Czajka et al, 2011). It is difficult to study competition in similar sized species because it is more challenging to limit the cavity resource by reducing the entrance size and prevent the aliens from breeding while allowing the native birds to continue breeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nest-site competition between invasive and native cavity nesting birds and its implication for conservation

Charter

Izhaki

Mocha

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Management

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Nesting cavities are often a limited resource that multiple species use. There is an ongoing discussion on whether invasive cavity nesting birds restrict the availability of this key limited resource. While the answer to this question has important conservation implications, little experimental work has been done to examine it. Here, we aimed to experimentally test whether alien cavity nesting birds affect the occupancy of cavities and the resulting breeding success of native cavity breeders in a large urban park located in Tel Aviv, Israel. Over three breeding seasons, we manipulated the entry size of nest boxes and compared the occupancy and breeding success of birds in nest boxes of two treatments. These included nest boxes with large-entrance and small-entrance holes. The large-entrance holes allowed access for both the native and invasive birds (the two main aliens in the park are the common mynas and rose-ringed parakeets). The smaller-entrance boxes, on the other hand, allowed only the smaller sized native cavity breeders (great tits and house sparrows) to enter the boxes but prevented the alien species from entering. We found that the large-entrance nest boxes were occupied by five different bird species, comprising three natives (great tit, house sparrow, Scops owl) and two invasive species (common myna, rose-ringed parakeet) while the small-entrance boxes were only occupied by the two native species. The alien common mynas and rose-ringed parakeets occupied 77.5% of the large-entrance nest boxes whereas native species, mainly great tits, occupied less than 9% of the large-entrance boxes and 36.5% of the small-entrance boxes. When examining the occupancy of those cavities that were not occupied by the aliens, natives occupied both the small and large-entrance nest boxes equally. Three quarters (78%) of the great tits breeding in the large-entrance boxes were usurped by common mynas during the breeding season and as a result breeding success was significantly lower for great tits breeding in the large-entrance boxes compared with the small-entrance boxes. The results of this study suggests that the invasive alien species can reduce the breeding potential of native cavity breeders both by exploiting the limited breeding resource (nest cavities) and by directly usurping cavities already occupied by the native species. Since the majority of large-entrance nest boxes were occupied by the larger alien birds, less native species bred in the limited number of unoccupied large-entrance nest boxes because of exploitation competition. We propose that for management purposes, nest-box programs that alter the entrance size of available natural cavities may be a practical approach, reducing the competition between native cavity breeders and alien invasive birds, and especially benefiting the smaller native cavity breeders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nest-site competition between invasive and native cavity nesting birds and its implication for conservation

Charter

Izhaki

Mocha

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…Platanus sp. trees host more than the half of the broods in the Upper Rhine Valley [58] and 66% in Heidelberg city, Germany [59], 78% in the Ile-de-France region, France [60], and 62% in Sevilla, Spain [61]. Tree species classification performed in this study allowed identification of 98.5% of all tree species used by nesting ring-necked parakeets (Table 8).…”

Section: Random Forest and Support Vector Machine Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“Kill Two Birds with One Stone”: Urban Tree Species Classification Using Bi-Temporal Pléiades Images to Study Nesting Preferences of an Invasive Bird

et al. 2017

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This study presents the results of object-based classifications assessing the potential of bi-temporal Pléiades images for mapping broadleaf and coniferous tree species potentially used by the ring-necked parakeet Psittacula krameri for nesting in the urban area of Marseille, France. The first classification was performed based solely on a summer Pléiades image (acquired on 28 July 2015) and the second classification based on bi-temporal Pléiades images (a spring image acquired on 24 March 2016 and the summer image). An ensemble of spectral and textural features was extracted from both images and two machine-learning classifiers were used, Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Regardless of the classifiers, model results suggest that classification based on bi-temporal Pléiades images produces more satisfying results, with an overall accuracy 11.5-13.9% higher than classification using the single-date image. Textural and spectral features extracted from the blue and the NIR bands were consistently ranked among the most important features. Regardless of the classification scheme, RF slightly outperforms SVM. RF classification using bi-temporal Pléiades images allows identifying 98.5% of the tree species used by the ring-necked parakeet for nesting, highlighting the promising value of remote sensing techniques to assess the ecological requirements of fauna in urban areas.

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“…Pell and Tidemann 1997;Strubbe and Matthysen 2007;Lowe et al 2011;Czajka et al 2011;Newson et al 2011;Simberloff et al 2013;Baker et al 2014). The purpose of this paper is not to address these issues, where the impact of invasive species varies from those that benefit local biodiversity, e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monitoring early invasions is important to document pre-and post-invasion changes to bird communities (Nebot 1999) and the importance of managing exotic populations of birds during their early stages of invasions has been recommended, before their (still undetected effects) are difficult to halt (Brooke 1997;Witmer et al 2007;Edelaar and Tella 2012). Most parrots are cavity nesters (although some parrots may nest in buildings), so their role in limiting the breeding success of competitors is immediately questioned (Czajka et al 2011). However, given the already large degree of environmental change and biotic homogenisation in urban areas by humans, one questions the validity of recognising such species as threats to an already transformed biota (Blair 1996;Hugo and van Rensburg 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Founder populations and the current status of exotic parrots in South Africa

Symes

2014

Ostrich

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Parrots (families Psittacidae and Cacatuidae) are one of the most threatened taxa of birds, with a combination of threats to wild populations, including capture for the cage bird market, habitat modification and destruction, persecution, disease, and threats from introduced species. As a result of the group's popularity as a cage bird, and the transport of vast numbers of individuals across the globe (both legally and illegally), the establishment of populations beyond their natural ranges has likely been enhanced. This review reports on c. 30 parrot species that have been observed outside of their natural ranges in South Africa, most likely derived, and supplemented, from both intentional and unintentional releases. Of these, the Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri and at least one Agapornis species have become established as breeding wild populations. Like other invasive species they may pose threats to local biodiversity; however, all are strongly associated with major urban centres where significant changes to natural biota have already occurred.

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Resource Use by Non-Native Ring-Necked Parakeets (Psittacula krameri) and Native Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in Central Europe

Cited by 37 publications

References 22 publications

Nest-site competition between invasive and native cavity nesting birds and its implication for conservation

Nest-site competition between invasive and native cavity nesting birds and its implication for conservation

“Kill Two Birds with One Stone”: Urban Tree Species Classification Using Bi-Temporal Pléiades Images to Study Nesting Preferences of an Invasive Bird

Founder populations and the current status of exotic parrots in South Africa

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